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L'Olandese è una lingua germanica parlata nei Paesi Bassi, nella parte settentrionale del Belgio (chiamato anche Flemish ) e parte del Suriname. E' l'antico antenato dell' Afrikaans spoken in Sud Africa, che è simile al Nederlandese.
Difficoltà
Dal momento che molte persone Nederlandesi e Fiamminghi, desiderano far notare la loro conoscenza delle lingue è difficile imparare qualcosa oltre le basi.Noterete che anche dopo aver raggiunto un buon livello, la gente continuerà a rispondervi in in inglese anche dopo aver iniziato la conversazione in olandese
Gli anziani in genere non parlano inglese cosicchè un po di Nederlandese potrebbe esservi utile.
Differenze tra Fiammingo e Nederlandese
Nelle Fiandre è ancora più comune usare la forma di cortesia rispetto al Nederlandese it is much more , usata ancora oggi verso gli anziani. Tuttavia, dal momento che questo potrebbe rappresentare un problema usare la forma informale dove sia necessario usare la forma di cortesia, e il nostro interlocutore potrebbe sorridervi, noi usiamo la forma di cortesia in questo frasario.
La pronuncia della G è fortemente diversa tra Fiammingo e Nederlandese. La G nederlandese può assomigliare a un suono emesso per schiarirsi la gola. Il confine tra morbida G e dura si trova nelle differenze di pronuncia tra il Reno e il Waal.
Pronuncia
La lingua nederlandese ha suoni sconosciuti ad altre lingue, e possono essere difficili da apprendere
Vocali Corte
a
come 'a' in "calmo", (ma più corta shorter)
e
come 'e' in "pen" or 'e' in "the" (in fine di parola)
i
come 'i' in "cinema"
o
come 'o' in "porta"
oe
come 'u' in Udine
u
come in dialetto lombardo
y
come 'i' in "pin" o "miss"
Vocali Lunghe
a, aa
come 'aa' in "casa"
e, ee
come 'e' in "letto"
eu
come nel francese dieu
ie
come i in "italiano"
o, oo
lunga
oe
come u in Udine
u, uu
come 'ü' "München"
Dittonghi
au, ou
come ' in "auto"
eeuw
di difficile pronuncia per un italiano,
ei, ij
come in "reis"
ieuw
come 'ea' in "sea" seguito da una'w'
ui
ricorda l'eui francese feauteuil
Consonanti
b
come in italiano
c
come'c' in "can" or the second 'c' in "success"
ch
come 'ch' in Scottish "loch"
d
come 'd' in "dado"
f
come 'f' in "filo"
g
suono aspirato e gutturale 'ch'-sound
h
come 'h' in "have"
j
come 'y' in "you"
k
come 'k' in "kilo"
l
come 'l' in "lotta"
m
come 'm' in "mano"
n
come 'n' in "no"; omessa in fine parole
p
come 'p' in "pollo".
q
come 'q' in "quindi"
r
simile a 'r' fricativa uvolare francese
s
come 's' in "si"
sj
come'sc' in "sceso"
t
come 't' in "topo"
v
come 'v' in "vino"
w
come 'w' in "west"
x
come 'x' in "xilofono"
y
come 'y' in "yacht"
z
come 'z' in "zoo"
Phrase list
Basics
Hello.
Hallo. (HAH-low)
How are you?
Hoe gaat het? (hoo GAHT hut?)
Fine, thank you.
Goed, dank u. (GOOT, dahnk uu)
Fine, thank you. (informal)
Goed, dank je. (GOOT, dahnk yuh)
What is your name?
Hoe heet u? (hoo HAYT uu?)
What is your name? (informal)
Hoe heet je? (hoo HAYT yuh?)
My name is ______ .
Mijn naam is ______ . (meyn NAHM is _____ .)
Nice to meet you.
Aangenaam kennis te maken. (AHN-guh-NAH-muh KAN-nis-tuh-MA-kuh), or simply Aangenaam (AHN-guh-NAHM)
Please.
Alstublieft. (AHL-stuu-BLEEFT)
Thank you.
Dank u. (DAHNK uu)
Thank you. (informal)
Dank je. (DAHNK yuh)
You're welcome.
Graag gedaan. (GRAHG guh-DAHN)
Yes.
Ja. (YAH)
No.
Nee. (NAY)
Excuse me. (getting attention)
Mag ik even uw aandacht. (mahg ick AYvuhn uuw AHNdaght ) or simply Pardon (PAR-don)
Excuse me. (begging pardon)
Sorry. (SOHR-ree)
I'm sorry.
het spijt me. (...) or simply Sorry. (SOHR-ree)
Goodbye
Tot ziens. (TOT seens)
I can't speak Dutch.
Ik spreek geen Nederlands. (ick SPRAYK gayn NAY-dur-lawnts)
I can't speak Dutch well.
Ik spreek niet goed Nederlands. (ick SPRAYK neet goot NAY-dur-lawnts)
Do you speak English?
Spreekt u Engels? (SPRAYKT uu ENG-uls?)
Is there someone here who speaks English?
Spreekt hier iemand Engels? (SPRAYKT here EE-mahnt ENG-uls?)
Help!
Help! (HEHLP!)
Good morning.
Goedemorgen. (GOO-duh-MORE-gun)
Good afternoon.
Goedemiddag (GOO-duh-MID-dahg)
Good evening.
Goedenavond. (Goo-duhn-AH-vunt)
Good night.
Goedenavond. (Goo-duhn-AH-vunt)
Good night (to sleep)
Slaap lekker. (SLAHP leck-uhr)
I don't understand.
Ik begrijp het niet. (ick buh-GRAYP hut neet)
Where is the toilet?
Waar is het toilet? (WAHR is hut twah-LET?)
Problems
Leave me alone.
Laat me met rust. (LAHT muh met RUST)
Don't touch me!
Blijf van me af! (BLEYF van muh AHF)
I'll call the police.
Ik roep de politie. (ick ROOP duh poh-LEE-see)
Police!
Politie! (poh-LEET-see)
Stop! Thief!
Stop! Dief! (STOP DEEF)
I need your help.
Ik heb uw hulp nodig. (ick HEP uu HULP noh-duhg)
It's an emergency.
Het is een noodgeval. (hut IS uhn NOWT-guh-vahl)
I'm lost.
Ik ben verdwaald. (ick BEN vuhr-DWAHLT)
I lost my bag.
Ik heb mijn bagage verloren. (ick HEP meyn bah-GHAH-zhuh vuhr-LOH-run)
I lost my wallet.
Ik heb mijn portefeuille verloren. (ick HEP meyn por-tuh-FUH-yuh vuhr-LOH-run)
I'm sick.
Ik ben ziek. (ick ben ZEEK)
I'm injured.
Ik ben gewond. (ick ben ghuh-WONT)
I need a doctor.
Ik heb een dokter nodig. (ick hep uhn DOCK-tuhr no-duhg)
Can I use your phone?
Mag ik uw telefoon gebruiken? (MAHG ick uu tay-lay-PHOHN ghuh-BROWK-kuhn)
Numbers
1
een (AIN)
2
twee (TWAY)
3
drie (DREE)
4
vier (VEER)
5
vijf (VAYF)
6
zes (ZEHS)
7
zeven (ZAY-vuhn)
8
acht (AHGT)
9
negen (NAY-guhn)
10
tien (TEEN)
11
elf (ELF)
12
twaalf (TWAHLF)
13
dertien (DEHR-teen)
14
veertien (VAYR-teen)
15
vijftien (VAYF-teen)
16
zestien (ZEHS-teen)
17
zeventien (ZAY-vuhn-teen)
18
achttien (AHGT-teen)
19
negentien (NAY-guhn-teen)
20
twintig (TWIN-tuhg)
21
eenentwintig (AIN-uhn-TWIN-tuhg)
22
tweeëntwintig (TWAY-uhn-TWIN-tuhg)
23
drieentwintig (DREE-uhn-TWIN-tuhg)
30
dertig (DEHR-tuhg)
40
veertig (VAYR-tuhg)
50
vijftig (VAYF-tuhg)
60
zestig (ZEHS-tuhg)
70
zeventig (ZAY-vuhn-tuhg)
80
tachtig (TAHG-tuhg)
90
negentig (NAY-guhn-tuhg)
100
honderd (HON-duhrt)
200
tweehonderd (TWAY-hon-duhrt)
300
driehonderd (DREE-hon-duhrt)
1000
duizend (DIGH-zuhnt)
2000
tweeduizend (TWAY-digh-zuhnt)
1,000,000
een miljoen (uhn mil-YOON)
number _____ (train, bus, etc.)
nummer _____ (NUHM-muhr)
half
de helft (duh HELFT)
less
minder (MIN-duhr)
more
meer (MAYR)
Time
now
nu (NUU)
later
later (LAH-tuhr)
before
voor (VOHR)
morning
ochtend (OHG-tuhnt)
afternoon
middag (MID-dahg)
evening
avond (AH-vuhnt)
night
nacht (NAHGT)
Clock time
one o'clock (when AM/PM are obvious)
een uur (AIN uuhr)
two o'clock (when AM/PM are obvious)
twee uur (TWAY uuhr)
one o'clock AM
een uur 's nachts (AIN uuhr snahgts)
two o'clock AM
twee uur 's nachts (TWAY uuhr snahgts)
noon
tussen de middag (TUHS-suhn duh MID-dahg)
one o'clock PM
een uur 's middags (AIN uuhr SMID-dahgs)
two o'clock PM
twee uur 's middags (TWAY uuhr SMID-dahgs)
midnight
middernacht (MID-duhr-nahgt)
Duration
_____ minute(s)
_____ minuut (min-UUHT) / minuten (min-UUHT-uhn)
_____ hour(s)
_____ uur (UUHR) / uren (UUHr-uhn)
_____ day(s)
_____ dag (DAHG) / dagen (DAH-ghun)
_____ week(s)
_____ week (WAKE) / weken (WAKE-uhn)
_____ month(s)
_____ maand (MAHNT) / maanden (MAHN-duhn)
_____ year(s)
_____ jaar (YAHR) / jaren (YAH-ruhn)
Days
today
vandaag (vahn-DAHG)
yesterday
gisteren (GHIS-tuh-ruhn)
the day before yesterday
eergisteren (AIR-ghis-tuh-ruhn)
tomorrow
morgen (MORE-ghun)
the day after tomorrow
overmorgen (O-vuhr-more-ghun)
this week
deze week (DAY-zuh WAKE)
last week
vorige week (VOH-ruh-ghuh WAKE)
next week
volgende week (VOL-ghun-duh WAKE)
Monday
maandag (MAHN-dahg)
Tuesday
dinsdag (DINSS-dahg)
Wednesday
woensdag (WOONS-dahg)
Thursday
donderdag (DON-duhr-dahg)
Friday
vrijdag (VRAY-dahg)
Saturday
zaterdag (ZAH-tuhr-dahg)
Sunday
zondag (ZON-dahg)
Months
January
januari (jahn-uu-AH-ree)
February
februari (fay-bruu-AH-ree)
March
maart (MAHRT)
April
april (ah-PRIL)
May
mei (MAY)
June
juni (YUU-nee)
July
juli (YUU-lee)
August
augustus (ow-GHUS-tus)
September
september (sep-TEM-buhr)
October
oktober (ock-TOW-buhr)
November
november (no-VEM-buhr)
December
december (day-SEM-buhr)
Colours
black
zwart (ZWAHRT)
white
wit (WHIT)
gray
grijs (GREYS)
red
rood (ROWT)
blue
blauw (BLAW)
yellow
geel (GHAYL)
green
groen (GHROON)
orange
oranje (oh-RAHN-yuh)
purple
paars (PAHRS), purper (PUHR-puhr)
brown
bruin (BRUYN)
Transportation
Bus and Train
How much is a ticket to _____?
Hoeveel kost een ticket naar _____? (HOO-vale cost uhn TICK-et nahr _____)
One ticket to _____, please.
Een ticket naar _____, alstublieft. (uhn TICK-et nahr _____, AHL-stuu-BLEEFT)