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Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ kannaḍa), a Dravidian language with some 50 million speakers, is an official language of India and the state language of Karnataka. It is also the language which you will encounter in Bangalore, a city you might have heard of quite a bit recently. It is also the language you will encounter if you visit the historically significant cities of Mysore and Hampi, so arming yourself with rudimentary knowledge of Kannada is a good idea if you wish to visit those places.
Kannada is a Dravidian language, which means that it belongs to the same family as the other South Indian languages Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Tulu. These languages share many words, sentence structures and even expressions, which means that if you pick up any one, your path to learning the others is considerably eased.
Contemporary Kannada literature is the most successful in India, with India's highest literary honor, the Jnanpith awards, having been conferred eight times upon Kannada writers, which is the highest for any language in India. Based on the recommendations of the Committee of Linguistic Experts, appointed by the Ministry of Culture, the Government of India officially recognised Kannada as a classical language.
It is a commonly-held belief that because Kannada is more accepting of Sanskrit loan words, learning conversational Hindi (Hindi language owes most of its vocabulary to Sanskrit) will help you pick up Kannada. This is false. Though Kannada literature has over the years accepted many Sanskrit and Prakrit languages words, the conversational(colloquial) Kannada has very little influence from Sanskrit or any other Indo-european language.
In plain and simple words, knowing conversational Hindi, conversational Marathi" or Sanskrit might not help learning/speaking day-2-day conversational Kannada with the native speakers, unless a native speaker to whom you are speaking has prior knowledge of Hindi/Marathi.
Though the Dravidian languages like Telugu and Tamil share lot of words with Kannada, the grammatical structure (colloquial speech) of these languages are quite similar. A person with prior knowledge of conversational Telugu orcConversational Tamil may find it easier to learn Kannada. But when it comes to conversing, the pronounciation of Kannada compared to the other Dravidian languages like Tamil and Telugu is quite different, and the words and sentences shared between these sister languages are often mutually unintelligible.
Pronunciation
Most English speakers find Kannada pronunciation rather challenging, as there are 10 vowels, 2 diphthongs and 34 consonants, employing a large number of distinctions not found in English.
Vowels
The key distinction is the difference between short and long vowels. In this phrase book, the short vowels are noted with small letters [a, e, i, o, u] and long vowels are noted with capital letters [A, E, I, O, U]. You will often come across non-standard romanizations, noted in table below when applicable.
a long diphthong: Similar to the ou in house (Canadian English)
Diphthongs
Letter
Transliteration
English equivalent
ಐ
ai, ay
as in idea.
ಔ
au, av
as in out.
Consonants
Many Kannada consonants come in three different forms: aspirated, unaspirated and retroflex.
Aspiration means "with a puff of air", and is the difference between the sound of the letter "p" in English pin (aspirated) and spit (unaspirated). In this phrasebook, aspirated sounds are spelled with an h (so English "pin" would be phin) and unaspirated sounds without it (so "spit" is still spit). Kannada aspiration is quite forceful and it's OK to emphasize the puff.
Kannada retroflex consonants, on the other hand, are not really found in English. They should be pronounced with the tongue tip curled back.
Letter
Transliteration
English equivalent
ಕ್, ಕ
k, ka
as in skip.
ಖ್, ಖ
kh, kha
as in sinkhole.
ಗ್, ಗ
g, gha
as in go.
ಘ್, ಘ
gh, gha
as in ghost.
ಙ್, ಙ
ṅ, ṅa
as in sing. Rarely used.
ಚ್, ಚ
c, ca
as in church.
ಛ್, ಛ
ch, cha
as in pinchhit.
ಜ್, ಜ
j, ja
as in jump.
ಝ್, ಝ
jh, jha
as in dodge her.
ಞ್, ಞ
ñ, ña
as in canyon. Rarely used.
ಟ್, ಟ
ṭ ṭa
as in tick. Retroflex, but still a "hard" t sound similar to English.
ಠ್, ಠ
ṭ ṭha
as in lighthouse. Retroflex
ಡ್, ಡ
ḍ ḍa
as in doom. Retroflex
ಢ್, ಢ
ḍ ḍha
as in mudhut. Retroflex
ಣ್, ಣ
ṇ ṇa
retroflex n. Retroflex
ತ್, ತ
t, ta
does not exist in English. more dental t, with a bit of a th sound. Softer than an English t.
ಥ್, ಥ
th, tha
aspirated version of the previous letter, not as in thanks or the.
ದ್, ದ
d, da
dental d.
ಧ್, ಧ
dh, dha
aspirated version of the above.
ನ್, ನ
n, na
dental n.
ಪ್, ಪ
p, pa
as in spin.
ಫ್, ಫ
ph, pha
as in u'ph'ill.
ಬ್, ಬ
b, ba
as in be.
ಭ್, ಭ
bh, bha
as in abhor.
ಮ್, ಮ
m. ma
as in mere.
ಯ್, ಯ
y, ya
as in yet.
ರ್, ರ
r, ra
as in Spanish pero, a tongue trip. Don't roll as in Spanish rr, German or Scottish English.
ಲ್, ಲ
l, la
as in lean.
ವ್, ವ
v, va
as in Spanish vaca, between English v and w, but without the lip rounding of an English w. (IPA: ʋ).
ಶ್, ಶ
ś śa
as in shoot.
ಷ್, ಷ
ṣ ṣa
almost indistinguishable retroflex of the above. slightly more aspirated. Used only in Sanskrit loan words.
ಸ್, ಸ
s, sa
as in see.
ಹ್, ಹ
h, ha
as in him.
ಳ್, ಳ;
ḷ, ḷa
Retroflex l.
Kannada Phrases
Cultural Notes
Greetings: There are no time elemental greetings in Kannada such as good morning, good afternoon, etc. And each language has its own greetings. It is considered very gracious to address a person by their respective greetings. In India, Namaskāra is the most ubiquitous greeting, and though of Sanskrit origin is now mostly used all across India. It is said with hands folded and a small gesture of bowing. Namaskāra literally means "I bow to you." Namaste has the same meaning, but is used less often in Kannada. After meeting someone for the first time nimmanna kaNDu bahaLa khushi āyitu [ನಿಮ್ಮನ್ನ ಕಂಡು ಬಹಳ ಖುಶಿ’ಆಯಿತು] may be said, meaning "I am delighted/happy to see you"
Civilities: In Western cultures saying phrases like please, thank you, you're welcome, excuse me, sorry, etc. are so ingrained into them from a young age that they use these phrases without a second thought. Not so for Indians. In India, saying such phrases in an inappropriate circumstance might even embarrass the person, or cheapen the gravity of the phrase itself. These phrases are only said in a sincere sense. For example, don't say dhanyavāda [ಧನ್ಯವಾದ] / nimminda bahaLa upakāra vāyitu [ನಿಮ್ಮಿಂದ ಬಹಳ ಉಪಕಾರವಾಯಿತು] (thank you) after a clerk hands you your grocery bag, but don't forget to use it when someone goes out of their way to do something nice for you. Sometimes English words themselves are used; due to the British colonial influence, especially in urban areas and among the upper class. In this case use them as you would in English. In India, a majority of times these kind of phrases/sentiments are merely communicated through body language rather than verbally. To show your thanks, a simple smile will do the trick. Other common gestures include the infamous "head bobble"; and a hand gesture made by swiftly swinging the wrist so your palm is facing the sky and your forefingers slightly elongated.
Prefixes & Suffixes: While referring to a person For majority of words rī (ರೀ) may be added as a suffix to give it a more polite tone. The rī word itself could be used to refer a person. For Example, Mr. Murray please come over here may be said as ರೀ Murray ಬರ್ರಿ ಇಲ್ಲಿ [ rI Murray barri illi]. The suffix avaru is used with a person's name as a sign of respect. For Example: Mr. Murray is often referred to as Murray avaru. Few more suffixes which are indispensable are avanu [ಅವನು] avaLu [ಅವಳು] and avaru [ಅವರು]. With nouns it gives the meaning "the person(he, she) that does" and with verbs, it indicates something is happening. Examples:
verb – to see (ನೋಡು nODu) + avaru = onlookers (ನೋಡುವವರು ... nODuvavaru)
English Loan Words: The British colonial influence spread into the language itself, and this continues today with American culture being exported throughout the world. So, an English word or phrase may almost always be inserted into any Kannada sentence. You will often hear Indians, whom while talking in their native languages, pepper their sentences with English words. English loan words are particularly used for modern inventions/technologies, so words like TV, computer and microwave are the same as in English apart from the slight change of accent. However; this is mostly in the cities, and learning Kannada will have been all the more rewarding when in rural or non-tourist areas, as well as allowing you to communicate with a wider variety of people in the cities.
Basics
Common signs
The signs are always accompanied by English, but just in case:
The numerals used to write in decimal are called Indo-Arabic numerals. Developed in India, they were borrowed by the Arabs, and gradually spread to Europe. The similarities are hard to miss. Here are their respective numerals.
English Numeral
Kannada Numeral
Kannada
Transliteration
0
೦
ಸೊನ್ನೆ
sonne
1
೧
ಒಂದು
ondu
2
೨
ಎರಡು
eraDu
3
೩
ಮೂರು
mUru
4
೪
ನಾಲ್ಕು
nAlku
5
೫
ಐದು, ಅಯ್ದು
aidu, aydu
6
೬
ಆರು
Aaru
7
೭
ಏಳು
ELu
8
೮
ಎಂಟು
eNTu
9
೯
ಒಂಬತ್ತು
ombattu
Numeral
Kannada
Transliteration
Numeral
Kannada
Transliteration
Numeral
Kannada
Transliteration
11
ಹನ್ನ್’ಒಂದು, ಹನ್ನೊಂದು
hannondu
21
ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಒಂದು, ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತೊಂದು
ippattondu
31
ಮುವತ್ತ್’ಒಂದು, ಮುವತ್ತೊಂದು
muvattondu
12
ಹನ್ನ್’ಎರಡು, ಹನ್ನೆರಡು
hanneraDu
22
ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಎರಡು, ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತೆರಡು
ippatteraDu
32
ಮುವತ್ತ್’ಎರಡು, ಮುವತ್ತೆರಡು
muvatteraDu
13
ಹದಿ’ಮೂರು, ಹದಿಮೂರು
hadimUru
23
ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಮೂರು, ಇಪ್ಪತ್ಮೂರು
ippatmUru
33
ಮುವತ್ತ್’ಮೂರು, ಮುವತ್ಮೂರು
muvatmUru
14
ಹದಿ’ನಾಲ್ಕು, ಹದಿನಾಲ್ಕು
hadinAlku
24
ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ನಾಲ್ಕು, ಇಪ್ಪತ್ನಾಲ್ಕು
ippatnAlku
34
ಮೂವತ್ತ್’ನಾಲ್ಕು, ಮೂವತ್ನಾಲ್ಕು
mUvatnAlku
15
ಹದಿ’ನೈದು, ಹದಿನೈದು
hadinaidu
25
ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಐದು, ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತೈದು
ippattaidu
35
ಮೂವತ್ತ್’ಐದು, ಮೂವತ್ತೈದು
mUvattaidu
16
ಹದಿ’ನಾರು, ಹದಿನಾರು
hadinAaru
26
ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಆರು, ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತಾರು
ippattAru
36
ಮೂವತ್ತ್’ಆರು, ಮೂವತ್ತಾರು
mUvattAaru
17
ಹದಿ’ನೇಳು, ಹದಿನೇಳು
hadinELu
27
ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಏಳು, ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತೇಳು
ippattELu
37
ಮೂವತ್ತ್’ಏಳು, ಮೂವತ್ತೇಳು
mUvattELu
18
ಹದಿ’ನೆಂಟು, ಹದಿನೆಂಟು
hadineNTu
28
ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಎಂಟು, ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತೆಂಟು
ippatteNTu
38
ಮೂವತ್ತ್’ಎಂಟು, ಮೂವತ್ತೆಂಟು
mUvatteNTu
19
ಹತ್ತ್’ಒಂಬತ್ತು, ಹತ್ತೊಂಬತ್ತು
hattombattu
29
ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಒಂಬತ್ತು, ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತೊಂಬತ್ತು
ippattombattu
39
ಮೂವತ್ತ್’ಒಂಬತ್ತು, ಮೂವತ್ತೊಂಬತ್ತು
mUvattombattu
Numeral
Kannada
Transliteration
Numeral
Kannada
Transliteration
Numeral
Kannada
Transliteration
41
ನಲವತ್ತ್’ಒಂದು, ನಲವತ್ತೊಂದು
nalavattondu
51
ಐವತ್ತ್’ಒಂದು, ಐವತ್ತೊಂದು
aivattondu
61
ಅರವತ್ತ್’ಒಂದು, ಅರವತ್ತೊಂದು
aravattondu
42
ನಲವತ್ತ್’ಎರಡು, ನಲವತ್ತೆರಡು
nalavatteraDu
52
ಐವತ್ತ್’ಎರಡು, ಐವತ್ತೆರಡು
aivatteraDu
62
ಅರವತ್ತ್’ಎರಡು, ಅರವತ್ತೆರಡು
aravatteraDu
43
ನಲವತ್ತ್’ಮೂರು, ನಲವತ್ಮೂರು
nalavatmUru
53
ಐವತ್ತ್’ಮೂರು, ಐವತ್ಮೂರು
aivatmUru
63
ಅರವತ್ತ್’ಮೂರು, ಅರವತ್ಮೂರು
aravatmUru
44
ನಲವತ್ತ್’ನಾಲ್ಕು, ನಲವತ್ನಾಲ್ಕು
nalavatnAlku
54
ಐವತ್ತ್’ನಾಲ್ಕು, ಐವತ್ನಾಲ್ಕು
aivatnAlku
64
ಅರವತ್ತ್’ನಾಲ್ಕು, ಅರವತ್ನಾಲ್ಕು
aravatnAlku
45
ನಲವತ್ತ್’ಐದು, ನಲವತ್ತೈದು
nalavattaidu
55
ಐವತ್ತ್’ಐದು, ಐವತ್ತೈದು
aivattaidu
65
ಅರವತ್ತ್’ಐದು, ಅರವತ್ತೈದು
aravattaidu
46
ನಲವತ್ತ್’ಆರು, ನಲವತ್ತಾರು
nalavattAaru
56
ಐವತ್ತ್’ಆರು, ಐವತ್ತಾರು
aivattAaru
66
ಅರವತ್ತ್’ಆರು, ಅರವತ್ತಾರು
aravattAaru
47
ನಲವತ್ತ್’ಏಳು, ನಲವತ್ತೇಳು
nalavattELu
57
ಐವತ್ತ್’ಏಳು, ಐವತ್ತೇಳು
aivattELu
77
ಅರವತ್ತ್’ಏಳು, ಅರವತ್ತೇಳು
aravattELu
48
ನಲವತ್ತ್’ಎಂಟು, ನಲವತ್ತೆಂಟು
nalavatteNTu
58
ಐವತ್ತ್’ಎಂಟು, ಐವತ್ತೆಂಟು
aivatteNTu
68
ಅರವತ್ತ್’ಎಂಟು, ಅರವತ್ತೆಂಟು
aravatteNTu
49
ನಲವತ್ತ್’ಒಂಬತ್ತು, ನಲವತ್ತೊಂಬತ್ತು
nalavattombattu
59
ಐವತ್ತ್’ಒಂಬತ್ತು, ಐವತ್ತೊಂಬತ್ತು
aivattombattu
69
ಅರವತ್ತ್’ಒಂಬತ್ತು, ಅರವತ್ತೊಂಬತ್ತು
aravattombattu
Numeral
Kannada
Transliteration
Numeral
Kannada
Transliteration
Numeral
Kannada
Transliteration
71
ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಒಂದು, ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತೊಂದು
eppattondu
81
ಎಂಬತ್ತ್’ಒಂದು, ಎಂಬತ್ತೊಂದು
embattondu
91
ತೊಂಬತ್ತ್’ಒಂದು, ತೊಂಬತ್ತೊಂದು
tombattondu
72
ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಎರಡು, ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತೆರಡು
eppatteraDu
82
ಎಂಬತ್ತ್’ಎರಡು, ಎಂಬತ್ತೆರಡು
embatteraDu
92
ತೊಂಬತ್ತ್’ಎರಡು, ತೊಂಬತ್ತೆರಡು
tombatteraDu
73
ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಮೂರು, ಎಪ್ಪತ್ಮೂರು
eppatmUru
83
ಎಂಬತ್ತ್’ಮೂರು, ಎಂಬತ್ಮೂರು
embatmUru
93
ತೊಂಬತ್ತ್’ಮೂರು, ತೊಂಬತ್ಮೂರು
tombatmUru
74
ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ನಾಲ್ಕು, ಎಪ್ಪತ್ನಾಲ್ಕು
eppatnAlku
84
ಎಂಬತ್ತ್’ನಾಲ್ಕು, ಎಂಬತ್ನಾಲ್ಕು
embatnAlku
94
ತೊಂಬತ್ತ್’ನಾಲ್ಕು, ತೊಂಬತ್ನಾಲ್ಕು
tombatnAlku
75
ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಐದು, ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತೈದು
eppattaidu
85
ಎಂಬತ್ತ್’ಐದು, ಎಂಬತ್ತೈದು
embattaidu
95
ತೊಂಬತ್ತ್’ಐದು, ತೊಂಬತ್ತೈದು
tombattaidu
76
ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಆರು, ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತಾರು
eppattAaru
86
ಎಂಬತ್ತ್’ಆರು, ಎಂಬತ್ತಾರು
embattAaru
96
ತೊಂಬತ್ತ್’ಆರು, ತೊಂಬತ್ತಾರು
tombattAaru
77
ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಏಳು, ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತೇಳು
eppattELu
87
ಎಂಬತ್ತ್’ಏಳು, ಎಂಬತ್ತೇಳು
embattELu
97
ತೊಂಬತ್ತ್’ಏಳು, ತೊಂಬತ್ತೇಳು
tombattELu
78
ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಎಂಟು, ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತೆಂಟು
eppatteNTu
88
ಎಂಬತ್ತ್’ಎಂಟು, ಎಂಬತ್ತೆಂಟು
embatteNTu
98
ತೊಂಬತ್ತ್’ಎಂಟು, ತೊಂಬತ್ತೆಂಟು
tombatteNTu
79
ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತ್’ಒಂಬತ್ತು, ಎಪ್ಪತ್ತೊಂಬತ್ತು
eppattombattu
89
ಎಂಬತ್ತ್’ಒಂಬತ್ತು, ಎಂಬತ್ತೊಂಬತ್ತು
embattombattu
99
ತೊಂಬತ್ತ್’ಒಂಬತ್ತು, ತೊಂಬತ್ತೊಂಬತ್ತು
tombattombattu
Numeral
Kannada
Transliteration
100
ನೂರು
nUru
200
ಇನ್ನೂರು, ಎರಡು ನೂರು
innUru, eraDu nUru
300
ಮುನ್ನೂರು, ಮೂರು ನೂರು
munnUru, mUru nUru
400
ನಾನ್ನೂರು, ನಾಲ್ಕು ನೂರು
nAnnUru, nAlku nUru
500
ಐನೂರು, ಅಯ್ನೂರು, ಐದು ನೂರು, ಅಯ್ದು ನೂರು
ainUru, aynUru, aidu nUru, aydu nUru
600
ಆರ್’ನೂರು, ಆರು ನೂರು
Aar'nUru, Aaru nUru
700
ಏಳ್’ನೂರು, ಏಳು ನೂರು
EL'nUru, ELu nUru
800
ಎಂಟ್ನೂರು, ಎಂಟು ನೂರು
eNTnUru, eNTu nUru
900
ಒಂಬೈನೂರು, ಒಂಬಯ್ನೂರು, ಒಂಬತ್ತು ನೂರು
ombainUru, ombaynUru, ombattu nUru
1000
ಸಾವಿರ, ಒಂದು ಸಾವಿರ
sAvira, ondu sAvira
2000
ಎರಡು ಸಾವಿರ
eraDu sAvira
3000
ಮೂರು ಸಾವಿರ
mUru sAvira
10,000
ಒಂದು ಲಕ್ಷ
ondu lakSha
100,000
ಒಂದು ಕೋಟಿ
ondu kOTi
1,000,000
ಮಿಲಿಯನ್’ಉ, ಮಿಲಿಯನ್ನು
million'u
1,000,000,000
ಬಿಲಿಯನ್’ಉ, ಬಿಲಿಯನ್ನು
billion'u
1,000,000,000,000
ಟ್ರಿಲಿಯನ್’ಉ, ಟ್ರಿಲಿಯನ್ನು
Trillion'u
1 half
ಅರ್ಧ
ardha
less
ಕಡಿಮೆ
kaDime
more
ಜಾಸ್ತಿ, ಹೆಚ್ಚು
jAsti, heccu
number _____ (train, bus, etc.)
...
nambar _____
Ordinals
English
Kannada
Kannada
Transliteration
1st
೧ನೇ
ಒಂದನೇ, ಮೊದಲನೇ
ond'anE, modal'anE
2nd
೨ನೇ
ಎರಡನೇ
eraD'anE
3rd
೩ನೇ
ಮೂರನೇ
mUr'anE
4th
೪ನೇ
ನಾಲ್ಕನೇ
nAlk'anE
5th
೫ನೇ
ಐದನೇ
aida'anE
6th
೬ನೇ
ಆರನೇ
Ar'anE
7th
೭ನೇ
ಏಳನೇ
EL'anE
8th
೮ನೇ
ಎಂಟನೇ
eNT'anE
9th
೯ನೇ
ಒಂಬತ್ತನೇ
ombatt'anE
10th
೧೦ನೇ
ಹತ್ತನೇ
hatt'anE
11th
೧೧ನೇ
ಹನ್ನೊಂದನೇ
hannond'anE
Multiplication
English
Kannada
Transliteration
twofold
ಎರಡರಷ್ಟು
eraDar'aShTu
threefold
ಮೂರರಷ್ಟು
mUrar'aShTu
fourfold
ನಾಲ್ಕರಷ್ಟು
nAlkar'aShTu
fivefold
ಐದರಷ್ಟು
aidar'aShTu
sixfold
ಆರರಷ್ಟು
Arar'aShTu
sevenfold
ಏಳರಷ್ಟು
ELar'aShTu
eightfold
ಎಂಟರಷ್ಟು
eNTar'aShTu
ninefold
ಒಂಬತ್ತರಷ್ಟು
ombattar'aShTu
tenfold
ಹತ್ತರಷ್ಟು
hattar'aShTu
hundredfold
ನೂರರಷ್ಟು
nUrar'aShTu
Frequency
English
Kannada
Transliteration
Once
ಒಂದು ಸಲ ಒಂದು ಸಾರಿ
ond'sala ond'sAri
twice
ಎರಡು ಸಲ ಎರಡು ಸಾರಿ
eraDu sala eraDu sAri
thrice
ಮೂರು ಸಲ ಮೂರು ಸಾರಿ
mUru sala mUru sAri
four time
ನಾಲ್ಕು ಸಲ ನಾಲ್ಕು ಸಾರಿ
nAlku sala nAlku sAri
five time
ಐದು ಸಲ ಐದು ಸಾರಿ
aidu sala aidu sAri
everytime
ಪ್ರತಿ ಸಲ ಪ್ರತಿ ಸಾರಿ ಯಾವಾಗಲು
prati sala prati sAri yAvAgalu
sometimes
ಒಂದೊಂದು ಸಲ ಒಂದೊಂದು ಸಾರಿ ಒಮ್ಮೊಮ್ಮೆ
ondondu sala ondondu sAri ommomme
often
ಹಗಲೆಲ್ಲ ಮೇಲಿಂದ್’ಮೇಲೆ ಆಗಾಗ್ಗೆ
hagalella mElind'mEle AgAgge
Many a times
ಹಲವು ಸಲ ಹಲವು ಸಾರಿ ಹಲವೊಮ್ಮೆ
halavu sala halavu sAri halavomme,
fewtimes
ಕೆಲವು ಸಲ ಕೆಲವು ಸಾರಿ ಕೆಲವೊಮ್ಮೆ
kelavu sala kelavu sAri kelavomme
daily
ಪ್ರತಿ ದಿನ ದಿನಾಲು ದಿನಾಗಲು
prati dina dinAlu dinAgalu
weekly
ಪ್ರತಿ ವಾರ ವಾರಕ್ಕೊಮ್ಮೆ ವಾರಕ್ಕೆ ಒಂದು ಸಲ
prati vAra vArakkomme vArakke ondu sala
monthly
ಪ್ರತಿ ತಿಂಗಳು ತಿಂಗಳಿಗೊಮ್ಮೆ ತಿಂಗಳಿಗೆ ಒಂದು ಸಲ
prati tingaLu tingaLigomme tingaLige ondu sala
yearly
ಪ್ರತಿ ವರ್ಷ ವರ್ಷಕ್ಕೊಮ್ಮೆ ವರ್ಷಕ್ಕೆ ಒಂದು ಸಲ
prati varSha varShakkomme varShakke ondu sala
122.166.15.111 01:48, 7 April 2012 (EDT)===Aggregation===
English
Kannada
Transliteration
both (persons)
ಇಬ್ಬರು
ibbaru
both (things)
ಎರಡೂ
eraDU
all three (persons)
ಮೂರೂ ಮಂದಿ ಮೂರು ಜನ
mUrU mandi mUru jana
all four (things)
ನಾಲ್ಕೂ ಮಂದಿ ನಾಲ್ಕೂ ಜನ
nAlkU mandi nAlkU jana
all ten (persons)
ಹತ್ತು ಮಂದಿ ಎಲ್ಲ ಹತ್ತು ಜನ
hattu mandi
all
ಎಲ್ಲ
ella
hundreds of
ನೂರಾರು
nUrAru
thousands of
ಸಾವಿರಾರು
sAvirAru
lakhs (hundreds of thousands) of
ಲಕ್ಷಾನು’ಗಟ್ಟಲೆ ಲಕ್ಷಾನು’ಲಕ್ಷ
lakShAnu gaTTale lakShAnu'lakSha
crores (tens of millions) of
ಕೋಟ್ಯಾನು’ಗಟ್ಟಲೆ ಕೋಟ್ಯಾನು’ಕೋಟಿ
kOTyAnu gaTTale kOTyAnu'kOTi
Time
English
Kannada
Transliteration
now
ಈಗಳೇ, ಈಗ, ಈಗಲೇ
IgaLe, Iga, IgalE
later
ಆಮೇಲೆ
AmEle
before
ಮೊದಲು
modalu
morning
ಬೆಳಗಿನ ಜಾವ, ಮುಂಜಾನೆ, ಬೆಳಿಗ್ಗೆ
beLagina jAva, munjAne, beLigge
afternoon
ಮದ್ಯಾನ್ನ
madyAnna
evening
ಸಂಜೆ, ಸಾಯಂಕಾಲ
sanje, sAyankAla
night
ರಾತ್ರೆ, ರಾತ್ರಿ
rAtre, rAtri
Clock time
English
Kannada
Transliteration
one o'clock AM
ಒಂದು ಗಂಟೆ ರಾತ್ರಿ
Ondu gaNTe rAtri
two o'clock AM
ಎರಡು ಗಂಟೆ ರಾತ್ರಿ
eraDu gaNTe rAtri
noon
ಮದ್ಯಾನ್ನದ ಹೊತ್ತು
madyAnnada hottu
one o'clock PM
ಮದ್ಯಾನ್ನ ಒಂದು ಗಂಟೆ
madyAnna ondu gaNTe
two o'clock PM
ಮದ್ಯಾನ್ನ ಎರಡು ಗಂಟೆ
madyAnna eraDu gaNTe
midnight
ನಡು ರಾತ್ರೆ, ಮದ್ಯ ರಾತ್ರಿ
naDu rAtre, madya rAtri
at night
ರಾತ್ರೆ ಹೊತ್ತು, ರಾತ್ರಿ ಹೊತ್ತು
rAtre hottu, rAtri hottu
during day time
ಬೆಳಗಿನ ಹೊತ್ತು, ಬೆಳಿಗ್ಗೆ
beLagina hottu, beLigge
Duration
English
Kannada
Transliteration
minute(s)
ನಿಮಿಷ
nimiSha
hour(s)
ಗಂಟೆ
gaNTe
day(s)
ದಿಸ, ದಿವಸ, ದಿನ
disa, divasa, dina
week(s)
ವಾರ
vAra
month(s)
ತಿಂಗಳು
tingaLu
year(s)
ವರ್ಷ
varSha
Days
English
Kannada
Transliteration
Today
ಇವತ್ತು
ivattu
Yesterday
ನಿನ್ನೆ
ninne
Tomorrow
ನಾಳೆ
nALe
Day before yesterday
ಮೊನ್ನೆ
monne
Day after tomorrow
ನಾಡಿದ್ದು
nADiddu
Week
ವಾರ
vAra
This week
ಈ ವಾರ
I vAra
Last week
ಕಡೇ ವಾರ ಹೋದ ವಾರ ಕಳೆದ ವಾರ
kaDE vAra hOda vAra kaLeda vAra
Next week
ಬರೋ ವಾರ ಮುಂದಿನ ವಾರ
barO vAra mundina vAra
Two weeks
ಎರಡು ವಾರ
eraDu vAra
Month
ತಿಂಗಳು
tingaLu
The Hindu days of the week are each ruled by a planet, and corresponding exactly to ancient cultures in the West, i.e. Sunday = bhānu-vāra (Lord Sun's day [lit. time or period]). Thursday/O.N. Þorsdagr, Thor's day = Guru-vāra (Lord Jupiter's day), Saturday/Saturn's day = Śani's day = Shani-vāra(Lord Saturn's day), etc.
Day
Kannada
Transliteration
Sunday
ಭಾನುವಾರ
bhAnu-vAra (Sun's Day)
Monday
ಸೋಮವಾರ
sOma-vAra (Moon's Day)
Tuesday
ಮಂಗಳವಾರ
mangaLa-vAra (Mars's Day)
Wednesday
ಬುಧವಾರ
budha-vAra (Mercury's Day)
Thursday
ಗುರುವಾರ
guru-vAra (Jupiter's Day)
Friday
ಶುಕ್ರವಾರ
shukra-vAra (Venus's Day)
Saturday
ಶನಿವಾರ
shani-vAra (Saturn's Day)
Months
India has two main calendars in use. The Western (Gregorian) calendar is used for day to day and business affairs, and the Hindu calendar is used by religious authorities for deciding any religious/cultural events.
Gregorian Calendar
Name
Kannada
Transliteration
January
ಜನವರಿ
janavari
February
ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ
febravari
March
ಮಾರ್ಚಿ
mArci
April
ಏಪ್ರಿಲ್
Epril
May
ಮೇ
mE
June
ಜೂನ್
jUn
July
ಜುಲೈ
julai
August
ಆಗಸ್ಟ್
AgasT
September
ಸೆಪ್ಟೆಂಬರ್
sepTembar
October
ಅಕ್ಟೋಬರ್
akTObar
November
ನವೆಂಬರ್
navembar
December
ಡಿಸೆಂಬರ್
Disembar
Writing the time and date
The Time is written exactly as in English, that is hours followed by minutes.
12:45 p.m. will thus be ಬೆಳಗ್ಗೆ, 12[ಹನ್ನೆರಡು] ಗಂಟೆ 45[ನಲವತ್ತೈದು] ನಿಮಿಷ(beLagge, 12[hanneraDu] gaNTe 45[nalavattaidu] nimiSha),
12:45 a.m. will thus be ರಾತ್ರಿ, 12[ಹನ್ನೆರಡು] ಗಂಟೆ 45[ನಲವತ್ತೈದು] ನಿಮಿಷ(rAtri, 12[hanneraDu] gaNTe 45[nalavattaidu] nimiSha),
Note: ಗಂಟೆ (gaNTe) would indicate something like "o'clock" in English . ನಿಮಿಷ (nimiSha) would indicate "minutes." in English.
The Date is also written exactly as in English
For example: Date: 03-06-2010 would be written as ದಿನಾಂಕ: 03-06-2010 would be read as 03ನೇ ತಾರೀಖು - 6ನೇ ತಿಂಗಳು - 2010ನೇ ಇಸವಿ [3nE tArIkhu-6nE tingaLu-2010nE isavi].
Note: ತಾರೀಖು(tArIkhu) would indicate something like "Date" in English; ತಿಂಗಳು(tingaLu) would indicate "Month" in English; ಇಸವಿ(isavi) would indicate something like (A.D) in English.