|
|
| (36 intermediate revisions by 8 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | '''Egyptian Arabic''' (''maSri'' مصري) is the modern [[Egypt|Egyptian]] vernacular and the most widely spoken and understood colloquial variety of Arabic. It is spoken by more than 90 million people, mainly in Egypt. It is used in everyday speech, comics, advertising, song lyrics, teen magazines, plays, and TV shows, but rarely in novels, newspapers, and never in news reporting, which use [[Arabic phrasebook|Modern Standard Arabic]] instead. | + | '''Egyptian Arabic''' (''ma<s>s</s>ri'' مصري) is the modern [[Egypt|Egyptian]] vernacular and the most widely spoken and understood colloquial variety of Arabic. It is spoken by more than 90 million people, mainly in Egypt. It is used in everyday speech, comics, advertising, song lyrics, teen magazines, plays, and TV shows, but rarely in novels, newspapers, and never in news reporting, which use [[Arabic phrasebook|Modern Standard Arabic]] instead. |
| | | | |
| | ==Pronunciation== | | ==Pronunciation== |
| − | ===Vowels=== | + | ===Vowels (''<s>h</s>àràkât'' حركات)=== |
| − | Egyptian Arabic has many more vowels (''Hàràkât'' حركات) than the three of Classical Arabic, and it differentiates between short and long vowels. Long vowels are shown in this phrasebook with a macron above the vowel. The stress falls on the long vowels. ''Long vowels can be shortened when not stressed.'' | + | Egyptian Arabic has more vowels than the three of Classical Arabic, and it differentiates between short and long vowels. Long vowels are shown in this phrasebook with a macron above the vowel. |
| | | | |
| − | <!-- This is a hidden comment: Do not unify IPA brackets, because [] mean that this is the exact sound, & // mean that it is an approximation
| + | The stress falls on the long vowels and/or the next-to-last syllable. Stress isn't shown in words without a long vowel for simplification. Words can't have more than one long vowel and long vowels can't occur before two consonants. |
| | | | |
| − | Dotless ı is intentional, as its pronunciation is in between i - e -->
| + | {{infobox|Main Egyptian vowels|Arabic Vowel-letters: |
| − | | + | * '''<big>’</big>alef'''; '''ا''': [æ, ɑ] ("'''a'''" as in ''c'''a'''t'' or ''f'''a'''ther'') |
| − | {{infobox|Main Egyptian vowels|Arabic Vowel-letters may act as semi-vowels. Acting as vowels at the middle & end of words, they are pronounced as: | + | * '''wâw'''; و: [o, u] |
| − | * '''alef'''; '''ا''': /æ, ɑ/ ("'''a'''" as in ''c'''a'''t'' or ''f'''a'''ther'') | + | * '''ye'''; ي: [e, i]<br> |
| − | * '''wâw'''; و: /o, u/ | + | They may act as semi-vowels:<br> |
| − | * '''ye'''; ي: /e, i/<br> | + | * '''wâw'''; و: [w] |
| − | Acting as semi-vowels, mainly pronounced as:<br>
| + | * '''ye'''; ي: [j] ("'''y'''" as in the English word '''''y'''es'')}} |
| − | * '''wâw'''; و: /w/ | + | |
| − | * '''ye'''; ي: /j/ ("'''y'''" as in the English word '''''y'''es'')}} | + | |
| | | | |
| | ; a : like '''ā''' but shorter. {{IPA|[æ]}} | | ; a : like '''ā''' but shorter. {{IPA|[æ]}} |
| Line 21: |
Line 19: |
| | ; à : like '''â''' but shorter. {{IPA|[ɑ]}} | | ; à : like '''â''' but shorter. {{IPA|[ɑ]}} |
| | ; â : as in "bar". {{IPA|[ɑː]}} | | ; â : as in "bar". {{IPA|[ɑː]}} |
| − | ; o<small> ~ </small><s>o</s> : similar to "put" (short). Tends to be merged into short /o/, or in between /u/ & /o/ {{IPA|/ɵ/}} | + | ; o : similar to "more" (short). {{IPA|[o]}} |
| − | ; ō : similar to "float". {{IPA|/oː/}} | + | ; ō : similar to "more" (long). {{IPA|[oː]}} |
| − | ; ū : as in "shoe" (long). {{IPA|/uː/}} | + | ; ū : as in "shoe" (long). {{IPA|[uː]}} |
| − | ; e<small> ~ </small>ı : as in "fig" (short). Tends to be merged into short /e/, or in between /i/ & /e/ {{IPA|/ɪ/}} | + | ; e : similar to "bet" (short). {{IPA|[e]}} |
| − | ; ē : similar to "fate" (long). {{IPA|/eː/}} | + | ; ē : similar to "bet" (long). {{IPA|[eː]}} |
| − | ; ī : as in "sheet" (long). {{IPA|/iː/}} | + | ; ī : as in "sheet" (long). {{IPA|[iː]}} |
| | | | |
| | ===Consonants=== | | ===Consonants=== |
| | | | |
| − | <!-- This is a hidden comment: Do not unify IPA brackets, because [] mean that this is the exact sound, & // mean that it is an approximation
| + | Most Arabic consonants (''<s>s</s>àwâ<big>’</big>et'' صوائت) are not too difficult: |
| − | | + | :You should notice, also, that in Egyptian Arabic, consonants can be geminated (doubled). Arabic alphabets in general differ in shape slightly, depending on their position in words. |
| − | Dotless ı is intentional, as its pronunciation is in between i - e -->
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Most Arabic consonants (''Sàwâ<big>’</big>et'' صوائت) are not too difficult: | + | |
| − | :You should notice, also, that in Egyptian Arabic, consonants can be geminated (doubled). Arabic alphabet in general differ in shape slightly, depending on their position in words. | + | |
| | | | |
| | ; b <big> ب </big> (be): as in English. | | ; b <big> ب </big> (be): as in English. |
| | ; d <big> د </big> (dāl): as in English, pronounced more forward in the mouth. | | ; d <big> د </big> (dāl): as in English, pronounced more forward in the mouth. |
| | ; f <big> ف </big> (fe): as in English. | | ; f <big> ف </big> (fe): as in English. |
| − | ; g <big> ج </big> (gīm): as in English, ''not'' "j" {{IPA|/dʒ/}} as in Modern Standard Arabic. | + | ; g <big> ج </big> (gīm): as in English, '''''g'''o.'' |
| | ; h <big> هـ </big> (he): as in English, but occurs in unfamiliar positions. | | ; h <big> هـ </big> (he): as in English, but occurs in unfamiliar positions. |
| | ; k <big> ك </big> (kāf): as in English. | | ; k <big> ك </big> (kāf): as in English. |
| Line 46: |
Line 40: |
| | ; m <big> م </big> (mīm): as in English. | | ; m <big> م </big> (mīm): as in English. |
| | ; n <big> ن </big> (nūn): as in English. | | ; n <big> ن </big> (nūn): as in English. |
| − | ; r <big> ر </big> (re): as in English, pronounced trilled (as in Spanish). | + | ; r <big> ر </big> (re): as in English, pronounced trilled (as in Spanish and Italian). |
| | ; s <big> س </big> (sīn): as in English. | | ; s <big> س </big> (sīn): as in English. |
| − | ; s <big> ث </big> (se): as in English, ''not'' "th" {{IPA|[θ]}} as in Modern Standard Arabic. | + | ; s <big> ث </big> (se): as in English, '''''s'''ee.'' |
| | ; t <big> ت </big> (te): as in English, pronounced more forward in the mouth. | | ; t <big> ت </big> (te): as in English, pronounced more forward in the mouth. |
| | ; w <big> و </big> (wâw): as in English. | | ; w <big> و </big> (wâw): as in English. |
| | ; y <big> ي </big> (ye): as in English. | | ; y <big> ي </big> (ye): as in English. |
| | ; z <big> ز </big> (zēn): as in English. | | ; z <big> ز </big> (zēn): as in English. |
| − | ; z <big> ذ </big> (zāl): as in English, ''not'' {{IPA|[ð]}} as in Modern Standard Arabic. | + | ; z <big> ذ </big> (zāl): as in English, '''''z'''ero.'' |
| − | ; š <big> ش </big> (šīn): as "'''sh'''" in the English word "'''she'''". {{IPA|[ʃ]}} | + | ; š <big> ش </big> (šīn): as the English '''''sh''''' in '''''sh'''e.'' {{IPA|[ʃ]}} |
| − | ; j <big> چ </big> : as "'''s'''" in the English word "plea'''s'''ure" (''only found in loanwords''). {{IPA|[ʒ]}}. Its counterpart <big> ج </big> may be used instead, in transliterations. | + | ; j <big> چ </big> : as '''''s''''' in the English word ''plea'''s'''ure'' (only found in loanwords). {{IPA|[ʒ]}}. Its counterpart <big> ج </big> may be used instead, in transliterations. |
| − | ; p <big> پ </big> : as in English (''only found in loanwords''). Its counterpart <big> ب </big> may be used instead, in transliterations. | + | ; p <big> پ </big> : as in English (only found in loanwords). Its counterpart <big> ب </big> may be used instead, in transliterations. |
| − | ; v <big> ڤ </big> : as in English (''only found in loanwords''). Its counterpart <big> ف </big> may be used instead, in transliterations. | + | ; v <big> ڤ </big> : as in English (only found in loanwords). Its counterpart <big> ف </big> may be used instead, in transliterations. |
| | | | |
| | The following are a little more unusual: | | The following are a little more unusual: |
| | | | |
| − | ; D <big> ض </big> (Dâd): emphatic '''d''' {{IPA|/dˤ/}} pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Most Egyptians don't distinguish its pronunciation from <big>د</big> {{IPA|[d]}} | + | ; <s>d</s> <big> ض </big> (<s>d</s>âd): emphatic '''d''' {{IPA|/dˤ/}} pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Most Egyptians don't distinguish its pronunciation from <big> د </big> {{IPA|[d]}}. |
| − | ; ğ <big> غ </big> (ğēn): a voiced '''x''' like a French "r". {{IPA|[ɣ]}} | + | ; ğ <big> غ </big> (ğēn): a voiced ('''''x''''') like a French "r". {{IPA|[ɣ]}} |
| − | ; H <big> ح </big> (Hà): a hard '''h''' made in the pharynx. {{IPA|[ħ]}} | + | ; <s>h</s> <big> ح </big> (<s>h</s>à): a hard '''h''' made in the pharynx. {{IPA|[ħ]}} |
| − | ; S <big> ص </big> (Sâd): emphatic '''s''' {{IPA|/sˤ/}} pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Not pronounced in all positions. | + | ; <s>s</s> <big> ص </big> (<s>s</s>âd): emphatic '''s''' {{IPA|/sˤ/}} pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Not pronounced in all positions. |
| − | ; T <big> ط </big> (Tà): emphatic '''t''' {{IPA|/tˤ/}} pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Not pronounced in all positions. | + | ; <s>t</s> <big> ط </big> (<s>t</s>à): emphatic '''t''' {{IPA|/tˤ/}} pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Not pronounced in all positions. |
| − | ; x <big> خ </big> (xà): a harsh sound found in some English words like ''bach'' and ''loch''. {{IPA|[x]}} | + | ; x <big> خ </big> (xà): a harsh sound found in some English words like ''ba'''ch''''' and ''lo'''ch'''.'' {{IPA|[x]}} |
| − | ; Z <big> ظ </big> (Zà): emphatic '''z''' {{IPA|/zˤ/}} pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Not pronounced in all positions. | + | ; <s>z</s> <big> ظ </big> (<s>z</s>à): emphatic '''z''' {{IPA|/zˤ/}} pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Not pronounced in all positions. |
| | ; q <big> ق </big> (qâf): a hard '''k''' pronounced in the back of the mouth {{IPA|/q/}}. In Egyptian Arabic it is usually a glottal stop {{IPA|[ʔ]}}. | | ; q <big> ق </big> (qâf): a hard '''k''' pronounced in the back of the mouth {{IPA|/q/}}. In Egyptian Arabic it is usually a glottal stop {{IPA|[ʔ]}}. |
| | | | |
| − | And the last two are very hard for non-native speakers, so try to get a native speaker to demonstrate. That said, most beginners tend to opt for the simple approach of ignoring those pesky apostrophes entirely, but it's worth it to make the effort.
| + | The last two are hard for non-native speakers, so try to get a native speaker to demonstrate. That said, most beginners tend to opt for the simple approach of ignoring those pesky apostrophes entirely, but it's worth making the effort. |
| | | | |
| − | ; <font size=4> ’ </font> : a glottal stop {{IPA|[ʔ]}}, or the constriction of the throat as between the syllables ''uh-oh'', but in Arabic this is often found in strange places such as the beginning of a word. Known in Arabic as '''hamza''' ء | + | ; <font size=4> ’ </font> : a glottal stop {{IPA|[ʔ]}}, or the constriction of the throat as between the syllables ''uh-oh'', but in Arabic this is often found in strange places such as the beginning of a word. Known in Arabic as '''hamza''' <big> ء </big> |
| | | | |
| − | ; <font size=5> ` </font> : a voiced ''H'' {{IPA|[ʕ]}}, famously equated to the sound of someone being strangled. Known in Arabic as <big>`</big>ayn <big>ع</big> or <big>`</big>'''ēn'''. | + | ; <font size=5> ` </font> : a voiced ('''''<s>h</s>''''') {{IPA|[ʕ]}}, famously equated to the sound of someone being strangled. Known in Arabic as <big>`</big>ayn <big>ع</big> or <big>`</big>'''ēn'''. |
| | | | |
| | <!-- Please, do not remove text enlargement of ’ & ` --> | | <!-- Please, do not remove text enlargement of ’ & ` --> |
| Line 82: |
Line 76: |
| | | | |
| | ===Basics=== | | ===Basics=== |
| − | : asaseyyāt أساسيات | + | : <big>’</big>asaseyyāt أساسيات |
| | | | |
| | Many Arabic expressions are different for men and women, depending both on the gender of the person talking (you) and the person being addressed. | | Many Arabic expressions are different for men and women, depending both on the gender of the person talking (you) and the person being addressed. |
| Line 89: |
Line 83: |
| | ; Hello (''informal'') : <big>’</big>ahlan أهلاً | | ; Hello (''informal'') : <big>’</big>ahlan أهلاً |
| | | | |
| − | ; Good morning. : SàbâH el-xēr صباح الخير | + | ; Good morning. : <s>s</s>àbâ<s>h</s> el-xēr صباح الخير |
| | | | |
| | ; Good evening. : masā<big>’</big> el-xēr مساء الخير | | ; Good evening. : masā<big>’</big> el-xēr مساء الخير |
| | | | |
| − | ; Good night (''to sleep'') : teSbàH <big>`</big>ala xēr تصبح على خير (''to a male'')<br>teSbàHi <big>`</big>ala xēr تصبحي على خير (''to a female'')<br>teSbàHu <big>`</big>ala xēr تصبحو على خير (''to a group'') | + | ; Good night (''to sleep'') : te<s>s</s>bà<s>h</s> <big>`</big>ala xēr تصبح على خير (''to a male'')<br>te<s>s</s>bà<s>h</s>i <big>`</big>ala xēr تصبحي على خير (''to a female'')<br>te<s>s</s>bà<s>h</s>u <big>`</big>ala xēr تصبحو على خير (''to a group'') |
| | | | |
| − | ; How are you? : <big>’</big>ezzayyak? إزيك (''to a male'')<br><big>’</big>ezzayyek? إزيك (''to a female'')<br><big>’</big>ezzayyoku? إزيكو (''to a group'') | + | ; How are you? : <big>’</big>ezzayyak? إزيك (''to a male'')<br><big>’</big>ezzayyek? إزيك (''to a female'')<br><big>’</big>ezzayyoku? إزيكو (''to a group'') <br> <big>’</big>ezzāy <s>h</s>àdretàk? إزي حدرتك (''to an elder''; <s>h</s>àdretek: ''female'') |
| | | | |
| − | ; Fine, thank you. : kowayyes šokràn كويس شكرا (''male'')<br>kowayyesa šokràn كويسة شكرا (''female'')<br>kowayyısīn šokràn كويسين شكراً (''group'') <br>A far more common response to the question "how are you" is simply to thank God - el-Hamd''e'' lellah الحمد لله | + | ; Fine, thank you. : kowayyes šokràn كويس شكرا (''male'')<br>kowayyesa šokràn كويسة شكرا (''female'')<br>kowayyesīn šokràn كويسين شكراً (''group'') <br>A far more common response to the question "how are you" is simply to thank God - el-<s>h</s>amd''e'' lellah الحمد لله |
| | | | |
| − | ; What is your name? : <big>’</big>esmak <big>’</big>ēh? إسمك ايه؟ (''to a male'')<br><big>’</big>esmik <big>’</big>ēh? إسمك ايه؟ (''to a female'') | + | ; What is your name? : <big>’</big>esmak <big>’</big>ēh? إسمك ايه؟ (''to a male'')<br><big>’</big>esmek <big>’</big>ēh? إسمك ايه؟ (''to a female'') |
| | | | |
| − | ; My name is ______ . : <big>’</big>ana <big>’</big>esmi ______ أنا إسمي | + | ; My name is ______ . : <big>’</big>esmi ______ إسمي |
| | | | |
| − | ; Please. : men fàDlàk من فضلك (''to a male'')<br> men fàDlek من فضلك (''to a female'')<br>men fàDloku من فضلكو (''to a group'') | + | ; Please. : men fà<s>d</s>làk من فضلك (''to a male'')<br> men fà<s>d</s>lek من فضلك (''to a female'')<br>men fà<s>d</s>loku من فضلكو (''to a group'') |
| | | | |
| | ; Thank you. : šokràn شكراً | | ; Thank you. : šokràn شكراً |
| Line 113: |
Line 107: |
| | ; No. : la<big>’</big> لأ | | ; No. : la<big>’</big> لأ |
| | | | |
| − | ; Excuse me. (''getting attention'') : law samaHt لو سمحت (''to a male'')<br>law samaHti لو سمحتي (''to a female'')<br>law samaHtu لو سمحتو (''to a group'') | + | ; Excuse me. (''getting attention'') : law sama<s>h</s>t لو سمحت (''to a male'')<br>law sama<s>h</s>ti لو سمحتي (''to a female'')<br>law sama<s>h</s>tu لو سمحتو (''to a group'') |
| | | | |
| | ; Excuse me. (''avoiding offence'') : ba<big>`</big>d''e'' <big>’</big>eznak بعد إذنك (''to a male'')<br>ba<big>`</big>d''e'' <big>’</big>eznek'' بعد إذنك (''to a female'')''<br>ba<big>`</big>d''e'' <big>’</big>eznoku بعد إذنكو (''to a group'') | | ; Excuse me. (''avoiding offence'') : ba<big>`</big>d''e'' <big>’</big>eznak بعد إذنك (''to a male'')<br>ba<big>`</big>d''e'' <big>’</big>eznek'' بعد إذنك (''to a female'')''<br>ba<big>`</big>d''e'' <big>’</big>eznoku بعد إذنكو (''to a group'') |
| Line 127: |
Line 121: |
| | ; I can't speak Arabic well. : mabatkallemš <big>`</big>arabi kwayyes ما بتكلمش عربي كويس | | ; I can't speak Arabic well. : mabatkallemš <big>`</big>arabi kwayyes ما بتكلمش عربي كويس |
| | | | |
| − | ; Do you speak English? : betekkallem <big>’</big>ıngılīzi? بتتكلم إنجليزي؟ (''male'')<br>betekkallemi <big>’</big>ıngılīzi? بتتكلمي إنجليزي؟ (''female'') | + | ; Do you speak English? : betetkallem <big>’</big>engelīzi? بتتكلم إنجليزي؟ (''male'')<br>betetkallemi <big>’</big>engelīzi? بتتكلمي إنجليزي؟ (''female'') |
| | | | |
| − | ; Is there someone here who speaks English? : fī Hadd''e'' hena beyekkallem <big>’</big>ıngılīzi? فيه حد هنا بيتكلم إنجليزي؟ | + | ; Is there someone here who speaks English? : fī <s>h</s>add''e'' hena beyetkallem <big>’</big>engelīzi? فيه حد هنا بيتكلم إنجليزي؟ |
| | | | |
| − | ; Help! : <big>’</big>elHa<big>’</big>ūni! إلحقوني | + | ; Help! : <big>’</big>el<s>h</s>a<big>’</big>ūni! إلحقوني |
| | | | |
| − | ; Look out! : Hāseb حاسب (''to a male'')<br>Hasbi حاسبي (''to a female'')<br>Hasbu حاسبو (''to a group'') | + | ; Look out! : <s>h</s>āseb حاسب (''to a male'')<br><s>h</s>asbi حاسبي (''to a female'')<br><s>h</s>asbu حاسبو (''to a group'') |
| | | | |
| | ; I don't understand. : <big>’</big>ana meš fāhem أنا مش فاهم (''male'')<br><big>’</big>ana meš fahma أنا مش فاهمة (''female'') | | ; I don't understand. : <big>’</big>ana meš fāhem أنا مش فاهم (''male'')<br><big>’</big>ana meš fahma أنا مش فاهمة (''female'') |
| | | | |
| − | ; Where is the toilet? : fēn <big>’</big>el-Hammām? فين الحمام؟ | + | ; Where is the toilet? : fēn <big>’</big>el-<s>h</s>ammām? فين الحمام؟ |
| | | | |
| | ===Problems=== | | ===Problems=== |
| | : mašākel مشاكل | | : mašākel مشاكل |
| | | | |
| − | ; Leave me alone. : sıbni! سيبني (''to a male''), <br>sıbīni! سيبيني ('' to a female'') | + | ; Leave me alone. : sebni! سيبني (''to a male''), <br>sebīni! سيبيني (''to a female'') |
| − | <br>sıbūni! سيبوني (''to a group'') | + | <br>sebūni! سيبوني (''to a group'') |
| | | | |
| | ; Go away! : <big>’</big>emši! إمشي (''to a male or a female'')<br><big>’</big>emšu! إمشو (''to a group'') | | ; Go away! : <big>’</big>emši! إمشي (''to a male or a female'')<br><big>’</big>emšu! إمشو (''to a group'') |
| | | | |
| − | ; Don't touch me! : matelmesnīš! ما تلمسنيش (''to a male'')<br>matelmısınīš! ما تلمسينيش (''to a female'') | + | ; Don't touch me! : matelmesnīš! ما تلمسنيش (''to a male'')<br>matelmesenīš! ما تلمسينيش (''to a female'') |
| | | | |
| | ; I'll call the police. : <big>’</big>ana hakallem <big>’</big>el-bulīs أنا هكلم البوليس | | ; I'll call the police. : <big>’</big>ana hakallem <big>’</big>el-bulīs أنا هكلم البوليس |
| Line 153: |
Line 147: |
| | ; Police! : bulīs! بوليس | | ; Police! : bulīs! بوليس |
| | | | |
| − | ; Thief! : Hàrâmi! حرامي | + | ; Thief! : <s>h</s>àrâmi! حرامي |
| | | | |
| − | ; I need help. : <big>’</big>ana meHtāg mosa<big>`</big>da أنا محتاج مساعدة (''male speaking'')<br><big>’</big>ana meHtāga mosa<big>`</big>da أنا محتاجة مساعدة (''female'') | + | ; I need help. : <big>’</big>ana me<s>h</s>tāg mosa<big>`</big>da أنا محتاج مساعدة (''male speaking'')<br><big>’</big>ana me<s>h</s>tāga mosa<big>`</big>da أنا محتاجة مساعدة (''female'') |
| | | | |
| − | ; It's an emergency. : Hāla Târ<big>’</big>à حالة طارئة | + | ; It's an emergency. : <s>h</s>āla <s>t</s>âr<big>’</big>à حالة طارئة |
| | | | |
| | ; I'm lost. : <big>’</big>ana tāyeh أنا تايه (''male speaking'')<br><big>’</big>ana tayha أنا تايهة (''female'') | | ; I'm lost. : <big>’</big>ana tāyeh أنا تايه (''male speaking'')<br><big>’</big>ana tayha أنا تايهة (''female'') |
| | | | |
| − | ; I lost my purse/handbag. : <big>’</big>ana Dàyyà<big>`</big>t''e'' šànTeti أنا ضيعت شنطيتي | + | ; I lost my purse/handbag. : <big>’</big>ana <s>d</s>àyyà<big>`</big>t''e'' šàn<s>t</s>eti أنا ضيعت شنطيتي |
| | | | |
| − | ; I lost my wallet. : <big>’</big>ana Dàyyà<big>`</big>t''e'' màHfàZti أنا ضيعت محفظتي | + | ; I lost my wallet. : <big>’</big>ana <s>d</s>àyyà<big>`</big>t''e'' mà<s>h</s>fà<s>z</s>ti أنا ضيعت محفظتي |
| | | | |
| | ; I'm sick. : <big>’</big>ana <big>`</big>ayyān أنا عيان (''male speaking'')<br><big>’</big>ana <big>`</big>ayyāna أنا عيانة (''female'') | | ; I'm sick. : <big>’</big>ana <big>`</big>ayyān أنا عيان (''male speaking'')<br><big>’</big>ana <big>`</big>ayyāna أنا عيانة (''female'') |
| Line 169: |
Line 163: |
| | ; I'm injured. : <big>’</big>ana met<big>`</big>àwwàr أنا متعور (''male speaking'')<br><big>’</big>ana met<big>`</big>àwwàra أنا متعورة (''female'') | | ; I'm injured. : <big>’</big>ana met<big>`</big>àwwàr أنا متعور (''male speaking'')<br><big>’</big>ana met<big>`</big>àwwàra أنا متعورة (''female'') |
| | | | |
| − | ; I need a doctor. : <big>’</big>ana meHtāg doktōr أنا محتاج دكتور (''male speaking'')<br> <big>’</big>ana meHtāga doktōr أنا محتاجة دكتور (''female'') | + | ; I need a doctor. : <big>’</big>ana me<s>h</s>tāg doktōr أنا محتاج دكتور (''male speaking'')<br> <big>’</big>ana me<s>h</s>tāga doktōr أنا محتاجة دكتور (''female'') |
| | | | |
| − | ; Can I use your phone? : momken <big>’</big>asta<big>`</big>mel telefōnak? ممكن أستعمل تيلفونك؟ (''to a male'')<br> momken <big>’</big>asta<big>`</big>mel telefōnek? ممكن أستعمل تيلفونك؟ (''to a female'')<br> mumken <big>’</big>asta<big>`</big>mel telefonku? ممكن أستعمل تيلفونكو؟ (''to a group'') | + | ; Can I use your phone? : momken astaxdem telefōnak? ممكن أستخدم تيلفونك؟ (''to a male'')<br> momken astaxdem telefōnek? ممكن أستخدم تيلفونك؟ (''to a female'')<br> momken astaxdem telefonku? ممكن أستخدم تيلفونكو؟ (''to a group'') |
| | | | |
| − | ; Can I use your cell phone? : momken <big>’</big>asta<big>`</big>mel mobàylàk? ممكن أستعمل موبايلك؟ (''to a male'')<br>momken <big>’</big>asta<big>`</big>mel mobàylek? ممكن أستعمل موبايلك؟ (''to a female'')<br> momken <big>’</big>asta<big>`</big>mel mobàyloku? ممكن أستعمل موبايلكو؟ (''to a group'') | + | ; Can I use your cell phone? : momken astaxdem mobàylàk? ممكن أستخدم موبايلك؟ (''to a male'')<br>momken astaxdem mobàylek? ممكن أستخدم موبايلك؟ (''to a female'')<br> momken astaxdem mobàyloku? ممكن أستخدم موبايلكو؟ (''to a group'') |
| | | | |
| | ===Numbers=== | | ===Numbers=== |
| Line 180: |
Line 174: |
| | It is not uncommon to see what is formally called "Eastern Arabic Numerals", in Arabic known as "Indian numbers" (أرقام هندية arqām hendeyyah). Be careful in that zero is represented as a dot (٠) while five (٥) looks like the zero with which we're familiar. Furthermore, numbers are read left-to-right and '''not''' right-to-left as is text. | | It is not uncommon to see what is formally called "Eastern Arabic Numerals", in Arabic known as "Indian numbers" (أرقام هندية arqām hendeyyah). Be careful in that zero is represented as a dot (٠) while five (٥) looks like the zero with which we're familiar. Furthermore, numbers are read left-to-right and '''not''' right-to-left as is text. |
| | | | |
| − | ; 0 (٠): Sefr صفر | + | ; 0 (٠): <s>s</s>efr صفر |
| − | | + | ; 1 (١): wā<s>h</s>ed واحد |
| − | ; 1 (١): wāHed واحد | + | |
| − | | + | |
| | ; 2 (٢): <big>’</big>etnēn إتنين | | ; 2 (٢): <big>’</big>etnēn إتنين |
| − |
| |
| | ; 3 (٣): talāta تلاتة | | ; 3 (٣): talāta تلاتة |
| − |
| |
| | ; 4 (٤): <big>’</big>àrbà<big>`</big>à أربعة | | ; 4 (٤): <big>’</big>àrbà<big>`</big>à أربعة |
| − |
| |
| | ; 5 (٥): xamsa خمسة | | ; 5 (٥): xamsa خمسة |
| − |
| |
| | ; 6 (٦): setta ستة | | ; 6 (٦): setta ستة |
| − |
| |
| | ; 7 (٧): sab<big>`</big>a سبعة | | ; 7 (٧): sab<big>`</big>a سبعة |
| − |
| |
| | ; 8 (٨): tamanya تمانية | | ; 8 (٨): tamanya تمانية |
| − |
| |
| | ; 9 (٩): tes<big>`</big>a تسعة | | ; 9 (٩): tes<big>`</big>a تسعة |
| − | | + | ; 10 (١٠): <big>`</big>àšrà عشرة |
| − | ; 10 (١٠): <big>`</big>àšàrà عشرة | + | ; 11 (١١): <s>h</s>edâšàr حداشر |
| − | | + | |
| − | ; 11 (١١): Hedâšàr حداشر | + | |
| − | | + | |
| | ; 12 (١٢): <big>’</big>etnâšàr إتناشر | | ; 12 (١٢): <big>’</big>etnâšàr إتناشر |
| − |
| |
| | ; 13 (١٣): tàlàttâšàr تلاتاشر | | ; 13 (١٣): tàlàttâšàr تلاتاشر |
| − |
| |
| | ; 14 (١٤): <big>’</big>àrbà<big>`</big>tâšàr أربعتاشر | | ; 14 (١٤): <big>’</big>àrbà<big>`</big>tâšàr أربعتاشر |
| − |
| |
| | ; 15 (١٥): xàmàstâšàr خمستاشر | | ; 15 (١٥): xàmàstâšàr خمستاشر |
| − |
| |
| | ; 16 (١٦): settâšàr ستاشر | | ; 16 (١٦): settâšàr ستاشر |
| − |
| |
| | ; 17 (١٧): sàbà<big>`</big>tâšàr سبعتاشر | | ; 17 (١٧): sàbà<big>`</big>tâšàr سبعتاشر |
| − |
| |
| | ; 18 (١٨): tàmàntâšàr تمنتاشر | | ; 18 (١٨): tàmàntâšàr تمنتاشر |
| − |
| |
| | ; 19 (١٩): tesà<big>`</big>tâšàr تسعتاشر | | ; 19 (١٩): tesà<big>`</big>tâšàr تسعتاشر |
| − |
| |
| | ; 20 (٢٠): <big>`</big>ešrīn عشرين | | ; 20 (٢٠): <big>`</big>ešrīn عشرين |
| − | | + | ; 21 (٢١): wā<s>h</s>ed we-<big>`</big>ešrīn واحد و عشرين |
| − | ; 21 (٢١): wāHed we-<big>`</big>ıšrīn واحد و عشرين | + | ; 22 (٢٢): <big>’</big>etnēn we-<big>`</big>ešrīn إتنين و عشرين |
| − | | + | ; 23 (٢٣): talāta we-<big>`</big>ešrīn تلاتة و عشرين |
| − | ; 22 (٢٢): <big>’</big>etnēn we-<big>`</big>ıšrīn إتنين و عشرين | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ; 23 (٢٣): talāta we-<big>`</big>ıšrīn تلاتة و عشرين | + | |
| − | | + | |
| | ; 30 (٣٠): talatīn تلاتين | | ; 30 (٣٠): talatīn تلاتين |
| − | | + | ; 40 (٤٠): <big>’</big>arbe<big>`</big>īn أربعين |
| − | ; 40 (٤٠): <big>’</big>àrbı<big>`</big>īn أربعين | + | |
| − | | + | |
| | ; 50 (٥٠): xamsīn خمسين | | ; 50 (٥٠): xamsīn خمسين |
| − | | + | ; 60 (٦٠): settīn ستين |
| − | ; 60 (٦٠): sıttīn ستين | + | |
| − | | + | |
| | ; 70 (٧٠): sab<big>`</big>īn سبعين | | ; 70 (٧٠): sab<big>`</big>īn سبعين |
| − |
| |
| | ; 80 (٨٠): tamanīn تمانين | | ; 80 (٨٠): tamanīn تمانين |
| − | | + | ; 90 (٩٠): tes<big>`</big>īn تسعين |
| − | ; 90 (٩٠): tıs<big>`</big>īn تسعين | + | |
| − | | + | |
| | ; 100 (١٠٠): meyya مية | | ; 100 (١٠٠): meyya مية |
| − |
| |
| | ; 200 (٢٠٠): metēn متين | | ; 200 (٢٠٠): metēn متين |
| − |
| |
| | ; 300 (٣٠٠): toltomeyya تلتمية | | ; 300 (٣٠٠): toltomeyya تلتمية |
| − |
| |
| | ; 400 (٤٠٠): rob<big>`</big>omeyya ربعميه | | ; 400 (٤٠٠): rob<big>`</big>omeyya ربعميه |
| − | | + | ; 500 (٥٠٠): xomsomeyya خمسميه |
| | + | ; 600 (٦٠٠): sottomeyya ستميه |
| | + | ; 700 (٧٠٠): sob<big>`</big>omeyya سبعميه |
| | + | ; 800 (٨٠٠): tomnomeyya تمنميه |
| | + | ; 900 (9٠٠): tos<big>`</big>omeyya تسعميه |
| | ; 1000 (١٬٠٠٠ ): <big>’</big>alf ألف | | ; 1000 (١٬٠٠٠ ): <big>’</big>alf ألف |
| − |
| |
| | ; 2000 (٢٬٠٠٠): <big>’</big>alfēn ألفين | | ; 2000 (٢٬٠٠٠): <big>’</big>alfēn ألفين |
| − | | + | ; 3000 (٣٬٠٠٠): talattalāf تلاتلاف |
| | + | ; 4000 (٤٬٠٠٠): àrbà<big>`</big>talāf أربعتلاف |
| | + | ; 5000 (٥٬٠٠٠): xamastalāf خمستلاف |
| | + | ; 6000 (٦٬٠٠٠): settalāf ستلاف |
| | + | ; 7000 (٧٬٠٠٠): saba<big>`</big>talāf سبعتلاف |
| | + | ; 8000 (٨٬٠٠٠): tamantalāf تمنتلاف |
| | + | ; 9000 (٩٬٠٠٠): tesa<big>`</big>talāf تسعتلاف |
| | + | ; 10,000 (١٠٬٠٠٠): <big>`</big>àšàrtalāf عشرتلاف |
| | + | ; 11,000 (١١٬٠٠٠): <s>h</s>edâšàr <big>’</big>alf حداشر ألف |
| | + | ; 100,000 (١٠٠٬٠٠٠): mīt <big>’</big>alf ميت ألف |
| | + | ; 200,000 (٢٠٠٬٠٠٠): metēn <big>’</big>alf ميتين ألف |
| | ; 1,000,000 (١٬٠٠٠٬٠٠٠): melyōn مليون | | ; 1,000,000 (١٬٠٠٠٬٠٠٠): melyōn مليون |
| − | | + | ; 1,000,000,000 (١٬٠٠٠٬٠٠٠٬٠٠٠): melyâr مليار / belyōn بليون |
| − | ; number : nemra نمرة or ràqàm رقم | + | ; number : nemra نمرة / ràqàm رقم |
| − | | + | ; half : no<s>s</s><s>s</s> نص |
| − | ; half : noSS نص | + | |
| − | | + | |
| | ; less : <big>’</big>a<big>’</big>all أقل | | ; less : <big>’</big>a<big>’</big>all أقل |
| − |
| |
| | ; more : <big>’</big>àktàr أكتر | | ; more : <big>’</big>àktàr أكتر |
| | | | |
| Line 275: |
Line 245: |
| | ; after : ba<big>`</big>d بعد | | ; after : ba<big>`</big>d بعد |
| | | | |
| − | ; morning : SobH صبح | + | ; morning : <s>s</s>ob<s>h</s> صبح |
| | | | |
| − | ; in the morning : <big>’</big>es-SobH الصبح | + | ; in the morning : <big>’</big>es-<s>s</s>ob<s>h</s> الصبح |
| | | | |
| | ; afternoon : ba<big>`</big>d''e'' <big>’</big>ed-dohr بعد الضهر | | ; afternoon : ba<big>`</big>d''e'' <big>’</big>ed-dohr بعد الضهر |
| Line 285: |
Line 255: |
| | ; evening : mesa مسا or masā<big>’</big> مساء | | ; evening : mesa مسا or masā<big>’</big> مساء |
| | | | |
| − | ; in the evening : <big>`</big>el mesa ع المسا | + | ; in the evening : <big>`</big>al mesa ع المسا |
| | | | |
| | ; night : lēla ليلة | | ; night : lēla ليلة |
| Line 298: |
Line 268: |
| | ; it is ___ : <big>’</big>es-sā<big>`</big>a ___ الساعة... | | ; it is ___ : <big>’</big>es-sā<big>`</big>a ___ الساعة... |
| | | | |
| − | ; it is 3 o'clock : <big>’</big>es-sā<big>`</big>a talāta (beZZàbT) الساعة تلاتة (بالظبط) | + | ; it is 3 o'clock : <big>’</big>es-sā<big>`</big>a talāta (be<s>z</s><s>z</s>àbt) الساعة تلاتة (بالظبط) |
| | | | |
| | ; quarter past : we rob<big>`</big> و ربع | | ; quarter past : we rob<big>`</big> و ربع |
| Line 304: |
Line 274: |
| | ; quarter to : <big>’</big>ella rob<big>`</big> إلا ربع | | ; quarter to : <big>’</big>ella rob<big>`</big> إلا ربع |
| | | | |
| − | ; half past : we noSS و نص | + | ; half past : we no<s>s</s><s>s</s> و نص |
| | | | |
| − | ; it is half past 3 : <big>’</big>es-sā<big>`</big>a talāta w-noSS الساعة تلاتة و نص | + | ; it is half past 3 : <big>’</big>es-sā<big>`</big>a talāta w-no<s>s</s><s>s</s> الساعة تلاتة و نص |
| | | | |
| | ====Duration==== | | ====Duration==== |
| Line 314: |
Line 284: |
| | : el <big>’</big>ayyām الأيام | | : el <big>’</big>ayyām الأيام |
| | | | |
| − | ; Monday : yōm <big>’</big>el-etnēn يوم الإتنين | + | ; Monday : yōm el-etnēn يوم الإتنين |
| | | | |
| − | ; Tuesday : yōm <big>’</big>el-talāt يوم التلات | + | ; Tuesday : yōm el-talāt يوم التلات |
| | | | |
| − | ; Wednesday : yōm <big>’</big>el-<big>’</big>arba<big>`</big> يوم الأربع | + | ; Wednesday : yōm el-<big>’</big>arba<big>`</big> يوم الأربع |
| | | | |
| − | ; Thursday : yōm <big>’</big>el-xamīs يوم الخميس | + | ; Thursday : yōm el-xamīs يوم الخميس |
| | | | |
| − | ; Friday : yōm <big>’</big>el-gom<big>`</big>a يوم الجمعة | + | ; Friday : yōm el-gom<big>`</big>a يوم الجمعة |
| | | | |
| − | ; Saturday : yōm <big>’</big>es-sabt يوم السبت | + | ; Saturday : yōm es-sabt يوم السبت |
| | | | |
| − | ; Sunday : yōm <big>’</big>el-Hadd يوم الحد | + | ; Sunday : yōm el-<s>h</s>add يوم الحد |
| | | | |
| | ====Months==== | | ====Months==== |
| Line 345: |
Line 315: |
| | ; July : yolya يوليه | | ; July : yolya يوليه |
| | | | |
| − | ; August : ağosTos اغسطس | + | ; August : ağos<s>t</s>os اغسطس |
| | | | |
| | ; September : sebtamber سبتمبر | | ; September : sebtamber سبتمبر |
| Line 353: |
Line 323: |
| | ; November : nofamber نوفمبر | | ; November : nofamber نوفمبر |
| | | | |
| − | ; December : dısamber ديسمبر | + | ; December : desamber ديسمبر |
| | | | |
| | ====Writing time and date==== | | ====Writing time and date==== |
| − | : ketabet el wa<big>’</big>t wet-tarīx كتابة الوقت و التاريخ | + | : ketābet el wa<big>’</big>t''e'' wet-tarīx كتابة الوقت و التاريخ |
| | | | |
| | ===Colors=== | | ===Colors=== |
| | : alwān ألوان | | : alwān ألوان |
| | | | |
| − | ; white : àbyàD أبيض | + | ; white : àbyà<s>d</s> أبيض |
| | | | |
| | ; black : eswed إسود | | ; black : eswed إسود |
| | | | |
| − | ; red : àHmàr أحمر | + | ; red : à<s>h</s>màr أحمر |
| | | | |
| − | ; green : àxDàr أخضر | + | ; green : àx<s>d</s>àr أخضر |
| | | | |
| | ; blue : azra<big>’</big> أزرق | | ; blue : azra<big>’</big> أزرق |
| | | | |
| − | ; yellow : àSfàr أصفر | + | ; yellow : à<s>s</s>fàr أصفر |
| | | | |
| | ; orange : borto<big>’</big>âni برتقاني | | ; orange : borto<big>’</big>âni برتقاني |
| Line 378: |
Line 348: |
| | | | |
| | ; purple : banafsegi بنفسجي | | ; purple : banafsegi بنفسجي |
| | + | |
| | + | ===Places=== |
| | + | ; Airport : mà<s>t</s>âr مطار |
| | + | |
| | + | ; Train station : mà<s>h</s>à<s>t</s>tet el à<s>t</s>r محطة القطر |
| | + | |
| | + | ; Library : maktaba مكتبة |
| | + | |
| | + | ; School : madrasa مدرسة |
| | | | |
| | ===Transportation=== | | ===Transportation=== |
| − | : el mowaSlât المواصلات | + | : el mowa<s>s</s>lât المواصلات |
| | | | |
| | ====Bus and train==== | | ====Bus and train==== |
| − | : el otobīs wel-<big>’</big>àTr الاوتوبيس و القطر | + | : el otobīs wel-<big>’</big>à<s>t</s>r الاوتوبيس و القطر |
| | | | |
| | ; Can I buy a ticket? : momken Ašteri tàzkàrà? ممكن أشتري تذكرة | | ; Can I buy a ticket? : momken Ašteri tàzkàrà? ممكن أشتري تذكرة |
| | | | |
| − | ; I will step down in (Heliopolis) : Ana nāzel fe (màSr el-gıdīda) أنا نازل في (مصر الجديدة) (''male speaking'')<br>Ana nazla fe (màSr el-gıdīda) أنا نازلة في (مصر الجديدة) (''female'') | + | ; I will step down in (Heliopolis) : Ana nāzel fe (mà<s>s</s>r el-gedīda) أنا نازل في (مصر الجديدة) (''male speaking'')<br>Ana nazla fe (mà<s>s</s>r el-gedīda) أنا نازلة في (مصر الجديدة) (''female'') |
| | | | |
| | ====Directions: ==== | | ====Directions: ==== |
| Line 402: |
Line 381: |
| | ; up : fō<big>’</big> فوق | | ; up : fō<big>’</big> فوق |
| | | | |
| − | ; down : taHt تحت | + | ; down : ta<s>h</s>t تحت |
| | | | |
| | ====Taxi==== | | ====Taxi==== |
| | : taksi تاكسي | | : taksi تاكسي |
| | | | |
| − | <!-- Dotless ı is intentional, as its pronunciation is in between i - e -->
| + | ; Can you drive me to (the hospital)? : momken tewa<s>s</s><s>s</s>àlni (el-mostašfa)? ممكن توصلني (المستشفى)؟ |
| − | | + | |
| − | ; Can you drive me to (the hospital)? : momken tewaSSàlni (elmostašfa)? ممكن توصلني (المستشفى)؟ | + | |
| | | | |
| − | {{outline}} | + | {{usablephrasebook}} |
| | + | {{phrasebookguide}} |
| | | | |
| | [[wtp:Cairo]] | | [[wtp:Cairo]] |
Egyptian Arabic has more vowels than the three of Classical Arabic, and it differentiates between short and long vowels. Long vowels are shown in this phrasebook with a macron above the vowel.
The stress falls on the long vowels and/or the next-to-last syllable. Stress isn't shown in words without a long vowel for simplification. Words can't have more than one long vowel and long vowels can't occur before two consonants.
The last two are hard for non-native speakers, so try to get a native speaker to demonstrate. That said, most beginners tend to opt for the simple approach of ignoring those pesky apostrophes entirely, but it's worth making the effort.
Many Arabic expressions are different for men and women, depending both on the gender of the person talking (you) and the person being addressed.
It is not uncommon to see what is formally called "Eastern Arabic Numerals", in Arabic known as "Indian numbers" (أرقام هندية arqām hendeyyah). Be careful in that zero is represented as a dot (٠) while five (٥) looks like the zero with which we're familiar. Furthermore, numbers are read left-to-right and not right-to-left as is text.
