: ketabet el wa<big>’</big>t wet-tarīx كتابة الوقت و التاريخ
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: ketābet el wa<big>’</big>t''e' wet-tarīx كتابة الوقت و التاريخ
===Colors===
===Colors===
Revision as of 02:58, 3 December 2010
Egyptian Arabic (maSri مصري) is the modern Egyptian vernacular and the most widely spoken and understood colloquial variety of Arabic. It is spoken by more than 90 million people, mainly in Egypt. It is used in everyday speech, comics, advertising, song lyrics, teen magazines, plays, and TV shows, but rarely in novels, newspapers, and never in news reporting, which use Modern Standard Arabic instead.
Egyptian Arabic has many more vowels (Hàràkât حركات) than the three of Classical Arabic, and it differentiates between short and long vowels. Long vowels are shown in this phrasebook with a macron above the vowel.
The stress falls on the long vowels. If long vowels were shortened then they won't be stressed. Stress isn't shown in words without a long vowel, because it would be complicated.
Main Egyptian vowels
Arabic Vowel-letters:
alef; ا: /æ, ɑ/ ("a" as in cat or father)
wâw; و: /o, u/
ye; ي: /e, i/
They may act as semi-vowels, mainly pronounced as:
Most Arabic consonants (Sàwâ’et صوائت) are not too difficult:
You should notice, also, that in Egyptian Arabic, consonants can be geminated (doubled). Arabic alphabet in general differ in shape slightly, depending on their position in words.
b ب (be)
as in English.
d د (dāl)
as in English, pronounced more forward in the mouth.
f ف (fe)
as in English.
g ج (gīm)
as in English, not "j" (IPA: /dʒ/) as in Modern Standard Arabic.
h هـ (he)
as in English, but occurs in unfamiliar positions.
k ك (kāf)
as in English.
l ل (lām)
as in English, pronounced more forward in the mouth.
m م (mīm)
as in English.
n ن (nūn)
as in English.
r ر (re)
as in English, pronounced trilled (as in Spanish).
s س (sīn)
as in English.
s ث (se)
as in English, not "th" (IPA: [θ]) as in Modern Standard Arabic.
t ت (te)
as in English, pronounced more forward in the mouth.
w و (wâw)
as in English.
y ي (ye)
as in English.
z ز (zēn)
as in English.
z ذ (zāl)
as in English, not (IPA: [ð]) as in Modern Standard Arabic.
emphatic s (IPA: /sˤ/) pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Not pronounced in all positions.
T ط (Tà)
emphatic t (IPA: /tˤ/) pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Not pronounced in all positions.
x خ (xà)
a harsh sound found in some English words like bach and loch. (IPA: [x])
Z ظ (Zà)
emphatic z (IPA: /zˤ/) pronounced with the tongue raised and mouth tensed. Not pronounced in all positions.
q ق (qâf)
a hard k pronounced in the back of the mouth (IPA: /q/). In Egyptian Arabic it is usually a glottal stop (IPA: [ʔ]).
And the last two are very hard for non-native speakers, so try to get a native speaker to demonstrate. That said, most beginners tend to opt for the simple approach of ignoring those pesky apostrophes entirely, but it's worth it to make the effort.
’
a glottal stop (IPA: [ʔ]), or the constriction of the throat as between the syllables uh-oh, but in Arabic this is often found in strange places such as the beginning of a word. Known in Arabic as hamza ء
`
a voiced (H) (IPA: [ʕ]), famously equated to the sound of someone being strangled. Known in Arabic as `ayn ع or `ēn.
Phrase list
lestet el `ebàrât ليستة العبارات
Basics
asaseyyāt أساسيات
Many Arabic expressions are different for men and women, depending both on the gender of the person talking (you) and the person being addressed.
Hello
’es-salāmu-`alēku السلام عليكو
Hello (informal)
’ahlan أهلاً
Good morning.
SàbâH el-xēr صباح الخير
Good evening.
masā’ el-xēr مساء الخير
Good night (to sleep)
teSbàH `ala xēr تصبح على خير (to a male) teSbàHi `ala xēr تصبحي على خير (to a female) teSbàHu `ala xēr تصبحو على خير (to a group)
How are you?
’ezzayyak? إزيك (to a male) ’ezzayyek? إزيك (to a female) ’ezzayyoku? إزيكو (to a group) ’ezzāy Hàdretàk? إزي حدرتك (to an elder; Hàdretek: female)
Fine, thank you.
kowayyes šokràn كويس شكرا (male) kowayyesa šokràn كويسة شكرا (female) kowayyısīn šokràn كويسين شكراً (group) A far more common response to the question "how are you" is simply to thank God - el-Hamde lellah الحمد لله
What is your name?
’esmak ’ēh? إسمك ايه؟ (to a male) ’esmik ’ēh? إسمك ايه؟ (to a female)
My name is ______ .
’esmi ______ إسمي
Please.
men fàDlàk من فضلك (to a male) men fàDlek من فضلك (to a female) men fàDloku من فضلكو (to a group)
Thank you.
šokràn شكراً
You're welcome.
el `afw العفو
Yes.
’aywa أيوا
No.
la’ لأ
Excuse me. (getting attention)
law samaHt لو سمحت (to a male) law samaHti لو سمحتي (to a female) law samaHtu لو سمحتو (to a group)
Excuse me. (avoiding offence)
ba`de ’eznak بعد إذنك (to a male) ba`de ’eznek بعد إذنك (to a female) ba`de ’eznoku بعد إذنكو (to a group)
Excuse me. (begging pardon)
la mu’axza لا مؤاخذة
I'm sorry
’ana ’āsef أنا آسف (male) ’ana ’asfa أنا آسفة (female)
fī Hadde hena beyekkallem ’ıngılīzi? فيه حد هنا بيتكلم إنجليزي؟
Help!
’elHa’ūni! إلحقوني
Look out!
Hāseb حاسب (to a male) Hasbi حاسبي (to a female) Hasbu حاسبو (to a group)
I don't understand.
’ana meš fāhem أنا مش فاهم (male) ’ana meš fahma أنا مش فاهمة (female)
Where is the toilet?
fēn ’el-Hammām? فين الحمام؟
Problems
mašākel مشاكل
Leave me alone.
sıbni! سيبني (to a male), sıbīni! سيبيني ( to a female)
sıbūni! سيبوني (to a group)
Go away!
’emši! إمشي (to a male or a female) ’emšu! إمشو (to a group)
Don't touch me!
matelmesnīš! ما تلمسنيش (to a male) matelmısınīš! ما تلمسينيش (to a female)
I'll call the police.
’ana hakallem ’el-bulīs أنا هكلم البوليس
Police!
bulīs! بوليس
Thief!
Hàrâmi! حرامي
I need help.
’ana meHtāg mosa`da أنا محتاج مساعدة (male speaking) ’ana meHtāga mosa`da أنا محتاجة مساعدة (female)
It's an emergency.
Hāla Târ’à حالة طارئة
I'm lost.
’ana tāyeh أنا تايه (male speaking) ’ana tayha أنا تايهة (female)
I lost my purse/handbag.
’ana Dàyyà`te šànTeti أنا ضيعت شنطيتي
I lost my wallet.
’ana Dàyyà`te màHfàZti أنا ضيعت محفظتي
I'm sick.
’ana `ayyān أنا عيان (male speaking) ’ana `ayyāna أنا عيانة (female)
I'm injured.
’ana met`àwwàr أنا متعور (male speaking) ’ana met`àwwàra أنا متعورة (female)
I need a doctor.
’ana meHtāg doktōr أنا محتاج دكتور (male speaking) ’ana meHtāga doktōr أنا محتاجة دكتور (female)
Can I use your phone?
momken ’asta`mel telefōnak? ممكن أستعمل تيلفونك؟ (to a male) momken ’asta`mel telefōnek? ممكن أستعمل تيلفونك؟ (to a female) mumken ’asta`mel telefonku? ممكن أستعمل تيلفونكو؟ (to a group)
Can I use your cell phone?
momken ’asta`mel mobàylàk? ممكن أستعمل موبايلك؟ (to a male) momken ’asta`mel mobàylek? ممكن أستعمل موبايلك؟ (to a female) momken ’asta`mel mobàyloku? ممكن أستعمل موبايلكو؟ (to a group)
Numbers
`àrqâm أرقام
It is not uncommon to see what is formally called "Eastern Arabic Numerals", in Arabic known as "Indian numbers" (أرقام هندية arqām hendeyyah). Be careful in that zero is represented as a dot (٠) while five (٥) looks like the zero with which we're familiar. Furthermore, numbers are read left-to-right and not right-to-left as is text.
0 (٠)
Sefr صفر
1 (١)
wāHed واحد
2 (٢)
’etnēn إتنين
3 (٣)
talāta تلاتة
4 (٤)
’àrbà`à أربعة
5 (٥)
xamsa خمسة
6 (٦)
setta ستة
7 (٧)
sab`a سبعة
8 (٨)
tamanya تمانية
9 (٩)
tes`a تسعة
10 (١٠)
`àšrà عشرة
11 (١١)
Hedâšàr حداشر
12 (١٢)
’etnâšàr إتناشر
13 (١٣)
tàlàttâšàr تلاتاشر
14 (١٤)
’àrbà`tâšàr أربعتاشر
15 (١٥)
xàmàstâšàr خمستاشر
16 (١٦)
settâšàr ستاشر
17 (١٧)
sàbà`tâšàr سبعتاشر
18 (١٨)
tàmàntâšàr تمنتاشر
19 (١٩)
tesà`tâšàr تسعتاشر
20 (٢٠)
`ešrīn عشرين
21 (٢١)
wāHed we-`ıšrīn واحد و عشرين
22 (٢٢)
’etnēn we-`ıšrīn إتنين و عشرين
23 (٢٣)
talāta we-`ıšrīn تلاتة و عشرين
30 (٣٠)
talatīn تلاتين
40 (٤٠)
’arbı`īn أربعين
50 (٥٠)
xamsīn خمسين
60 (٦٠)
sıttīn ستين
70 (٧٠)
sab`īn سبعين
80 (٨٠)
tamanīn تمانين
90 (٩٠)
tıs`īn تسعين
100 (١٠٠)
meyya مية
200 (٢٠٠)
metēn متين
300 (٣٠٠)
toltomeyya تلتمية
400 (٤٠٠)
rob`omeyya ربعميه
500 (٥٠٠)
xomsomeyya خمسميه
600 (٦٠٠)
sottomeyya ستميه
700 (٧٠٠)
sob`omeyya سبعميه
800 (٨٠٠)
tomnomeyya تمنميه
900 (9٠٠)
tos`omeyya تسعميه
1000 (١٬٠٠٠ )
’alf ألف
2000 (٢٬٠٠٠)
’alfēn ألفين
3000 (٣٬٠٠٠)
talattalāf تلاتلاف
4000 (٤٬٠٠٠)
àrbà`talāf أربعتلاف
5000 (٥٬٠٠٠)
xamastalāf خمستلاف
6000 (٦٬٠٠٠)
settalāf ستلاف
7000 (٧٬٠٠٠)
saba`talāf سبعتلاف
8000 (٨٬٠٠٠)
tamantalāf تمنتلاف
9000 (٩٬٠٠٠)
tesa`talāf تسعتلاف
10,000 (١٠٬٠٠٠)
`àšàrtalāf عشرتلاف
11,000 (١١٬٠٠٠)
Hedâšàr ’alf حداشر ألف
100,000 (١٠٠٬٠٠٠)
mīt ’alf ميت ألف
200,000 (٢٠٠٬٠٠٠)
metēn ’alf ميتين ألف
1,000,000 (١٬٠٠٠٬٠٠٠)
melyōn مليون
1,000,000,000 (١٬٠٠٠٬٠٠٠٬٠٠٠)
melyâr مليار / belyōn بليون
number
nemra نمرة / ràqàm رقم
half
noSS نص
less
’a’all أقل
more
’àktàr أكتر
Time
wa’t وقت
now
delwa’ti دلوقتي
later
ba`dēn بعدين
before
’abl قبل
after
ba`d بعد
morning
SobH صبح
in the morning
’es-SobH الصبح
afternoon
ba`de ’ed-dohr بعد الضهر
in the afternoon
’ed-dohr الضهر
evening
mesa مسا or masā’ مساء
in the evening
`al mesa ع المسا
night
lēla ليلة
in the night
bel-lēl بلليل
Clock time
wa’t el sā`a وقت الساعة
what time is it?
’es-sā`a kām? الساعة كام؟
it is ___
’es-sā`a ___ الساعة...
it is 3 o'clock
’es-sā`a talāta (bezZàbt) الساعة تلاتة (بالظبط)
quarter past
we rob` و ربع
quarter to
’ella rob` إلا ربع
half past
we noSS و نص
it is half past 3
’es-sā`a talāta w-noSS الساعة تلاتة و نص
Duration
el modda المدة
Days
el ’ayyām الأيام
Monday
yōm el-etnēn يوم الإتنين
Tuesday
yōm el-talāt يوم التلات
Wednesday
yōm el-’arba` يوم الأربع
Thursday
yōm el-xamīs يوم الخميس
Friday
yōm el-gom`a يوم الجمعة
Saturday
yōm es-sabt يوم السبت
Sunday
yōm el-Hadd يوم الحد
Months
eš-šohūr الشهور
January
yanāyer يناير
February
febrâyer فبراير
March
māres مارس
April
ebrīl ابريل
May
māyu مايو
June
yonya يونيه
July
yolya يوليه
August
ağosTos اغسطس
September
sebtamber سبتمبر
October
oktōbàr اُكتوبر
November
nofamber نوفمبر
December
dısamber ديسمبر
Writing time and date
ketābet el wa’te' wet-tarīx كتابة الوقت و التاريخ
Colors
alwān ألوان
white
àbyàD أبيض
black
eswed إسود
red
àHmàr أحمر
green
àxDàr أخضر
blue
azra’ أزرق
yellow
àSfàr أصفر
orange
borto’âni برتقاني
pink
bambi بمبي
purple
banafsegi بنفسجي
Transportation
el mowaSlât المواصلات
Bus and train
el otobīs wel-’àTr الاوتوبيس و القطر
Can I buy a ticket?
momken Ašteri tàzkàrà? ممكن أشتري تذكرة
I will step down in (Heliopolis)
Ana nāzel fe (màSr el-gıdīda) أنا نازل في (مصر الجديدة) (male speaking) Ana nazla fe (màSr el-gıdīda) أنا نازلة في (مصر الجديدة) (female)
This is a usable phrasebook. It explains pronunciation and the bare essentials of travel communication. An adventurous person could use it to get by, but please plunge forward and help it grow!
