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Line 1: + '''Bengali''' is the sole official language of [[Bangladesh]], and one of the 22 offical "scheduled" languages of [[India]]. It is also the state official language of [[West Bengal]], and the most commonly spoken language in India's third largest city, [[Kolkata]].
+
==Grammar==
==Grammar==
The following is a sample text in Bengali of the Article 1 of ''the Universal Declaration of Human Rights'' (by the United Nations):
The following is a sample text in Bengali of the Article 1 of ''the Universal Declaration of Human Rights'' (by the United Nations):
Line 285:
Line 287: : oikhane<br>
: oikhane<br>
'''(on/to the) right'''
'''(on/to the) right'''
− : dan (dike)<br>
+ : dan (dike), or say da-ya-ne <br>
'''(on/to the) left'''
'''(on/to the) left'''
− : bã (dike)<br>
+ : bã (dike), or say ba-me <br>
'''(on/to the) north'''
'''(on/to the) north'''
: uttor (dike)<br>
: uttor (dike)<br>
Line 380:
Line 382: '''clothe(s)'''
'''clothe(s)'''
: kapor <br>
: kapor <br>
+
+ : kapor kass is washing cloths<br>
===Driving===
===Driving===
+
+
+ ===Present, past , future===
+
+ Today = as-ke, yesterday = botho-kal(ke), tomorrow = kal-ke
===Authority===
===Authority===
Latest revision as of 03:12, 23 January 2013
Bengali is the sole official language of Bangladesh , and one of the 22 offical "scheduled" languages of India . It is also the state official language of West Bengal , and the most commonly spoken language in India's third largest city, Kolkata .
[edit ] Grammar The following is a sample text in Bengali of the Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (by the United Nations):
ধারা ১: সমস্ত মানুষ স্বাধীনভাবে সমান মর্যাদা এবং অধিকার নিয়ে জন্মগ্রহণ করে। তাঁদের বিবেক এবং বুদ্ধি আছে; সুতরাং সকলেরই একে অপরের প্রতি ভ্রাতৃত্বসুলভ মনোভাব নিয়ে আচরণ করা উচিৎ। — Bengali in Bengali script
Dhara êk: Shômosto manush shadhinbhabe shôman môrjada ebong odhikar nie jônmogrohon kôre. Tãder bibek ebong buddhi achhe; shutorang shôkoleri êke ôporer proti bhrattrittoshulôbh mônobhab nie achorôn kôra uchit. — Bengali in Transcription, faithful to pronunciation.
Clause 1: All human free-manner-in equal dignity and right taken birth-take do. Their reason and intelligence is; therefore everyone-indeed one another's towards brotherhood-ly attitude taken conduct do should. — Word to word gloss.
Article 1: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience. Therefore, they should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.— Translation.
[edit ] Pronunciation guide The phoneme inventory of Bengali consists of 29 consonants and 14 vowels, including the seven nasalized vowels. Vowel sounds can either be independent or hooked on to the consonant in the form of diacritics.
[edit ] Vowels The independent vowel is on the left, the diacritic (which is hooked on to the consonant) is on the right.
আ া Like "a" in "cat" (a). এ ে Like "e" in "bed" (e). আ া Like "a" in "rather" (ā). ঐ ৈ Like "i" in "nile" (æ). এই Like "ay" in "may" (ay). এ ে Like "e" in "red" (e). ঈ ী Like "ee" in "reed" (í). ই ি Like "i" in "rid" (i). ও ো Like "o" in "hot" (o). ও ো Like "oa" in "boat" (ó). ঘ় Like "oy" in "boy" (oy). উ ু Like "u" in "put" (u). ই ি Like "ui" in "quick" (wi). [edit ] Consonants ব Like "b" in "boy" (b). চ Like "ch" in "cheat" (ç). দ Like "d" in "doubt" (d). ফ Like "f" in "frog" (f). গ Like "g" in "go" (g). হ Like "h" in "hit" (h). জ Like "j" in "juggle" (j). ক Like "k" in "skin" (k). ল Like "l" in "loud" (l). ম Like "m" in "man" (m). ণ Like "n" in "no" (n). ঙ Like "ng" in "king" (ng). প Like "p" in "spit" (p). র Like "r" in "run", but slightly trilled (r). স Like "s" in "so" (s). ত Like "t" in "talk" (t). য Like "y" in "yes" (y). [edit ] Aspirated consonants Aspirated consonants are pronounced with a puff of air.
ভ Like "b" in "blight" (b'). ছ Like "ch" in "cheese" (ç'). ধ Like "d" in "din" (d'). ঘ Like "g" in "language" (g'). ঝ Like "j" in "jam" (j'). খ Like "k" in "kick" (k'). ফ Like "p" in "pit" (p'). ঠ Like "t" in "tin" (t'). [edit ] Retroflex consonants Retroflex consonants are pronounced with the tip of the tongue flapping against the roof of the mouth.
ড Like "d" in "doubt" but retroflex (đ). ড় Like "r" in "run" but slightly trilled retroflex (ŗ). ত Like "t" in "talk" but retroflex (ţ). [edit ] Aspirated retroflex consonants Aspirated retroflex consonants are pronounced with the tip of the tongue flapping against the roof of the mouth and a puff of air.
ঢ Like "d" in "din" but retroflex (đ'). থ Like "t" in "tin" but retroflex (ţ'). pagol gujju puro gujrat bhore
[edit ] Phrase list [edit ] Basics
Common signs
OPEN খোলা (khola) CLOSED বন্ধ (bôndho) ENTRANCE দরজা (dôrja) EXIT বাহির (bahir) PUSH ঠেলা (thela) PULL টানা (tana) TOILET টয়লেট (toilet), পায়খানা (paykhana) MEN পুরুষ (purush) WOMEN মহিলা (mohila) FORBIDDEN নিষিদ্ধ (nisiddho), নিষেধ (nishedh)
[edit ] Greeting Hello . (Muslim)
Assalamualaikum. Hello . (Hindu)
Nômoshkar How are you?
(Apni) kêmon achhen? (formal) (I'm) fine.
(Ami) bhalo (achhi). Good morning.
Su probhat. (highly formal) Good evening.
Subho shôndha. (highly formal) Good night.
Subho ratri. (highly formal) [edit ] Meeting What is your name?
Apnar nam ki? (formal) My name is ______ .
Amar nam ______ . Nice to meet you.
Apnar shathe porichôe hoe amar khub-i bhalo laglo. (formal) Please.
Dôeakore. (formal) Thank you.
Dhonnobad. (formal)
You're welcome.
Tomake shagoto janai Kichhu mone korben na. (formal) (lit. please don't mind;) Yes.
Ji. (formal) No.
Ji na. (formal) Excuse me. (getting attention )
Ei-je! (formal) Bhai (when addressing a man)Excuse me. (to pass by someone )
Dekhi? I love you
Ami tomake bhalobashi I like you
Ami tomake pochondo kori I'm (very) sorry.
Ami (khub-i) dukkhito. Forgive me.
Maf korun. (formal) Goodbye
Khoda Hafez / Allah Hafiz (Muslim) [edit ] Problems Problem(s)
shomosha I can't speak [name of language ] (that well).
(Ami) [_____] (eto bhalo) bolte pari na. Do you speak English?
Apni-ki Ingreji bolte paren? (formal) Is there someone here who speaks English?
Ekhane keu achhe, je Ingreji bolte paren? Help!
Bachao! Can you help me?
Apni ki amake shahajyo korte parben? Look out!
Shabdhan! I don't understand.
(Ami) bujhte parchi na. Where is the toilet?
Tôelet ta kothae? [edit ] Numbers 0 Shunno
Time
Shomoy
[edit ] Clock time 9:45
Pouune Dosh ta 10:00
Dosh ta 10:15
Show-aa-Dosh ta 10:30
Share Dosh ta [edit ] Duration Monday
Shombar Tuesday
Monggolbar Wednesday
Budhbar Thursday
Brihoshpotibar Friday
Shukrobar Saturday
Shonibar Sunday
Robibar [edit ] Months [edit ] Bengali calendar [edit ] Gregorian calendar [edit ] Writing time and date [edit ] Colors black
kalo white
shada red
lal pink
golapi orange
kômla yellow
holud green
shobuj blue
nil purple
beguni [edit ] Transportation [edit ] Bus and train [edit ] Directions here
eikhane there
oikhane (on/to the) right
dan (dike), or say da-ya-ne (on/to the) left
bã (dike), or say ba-me (on/to the) north
uttor (dike) (on/to the) south
dokkhin (dike) (on/to the) east
purbo (dike) (on/to the) west
poshchim (dike) straight
shoja in front
shamne behind
pichhe Go (___).
(___) jan. (formal) Turn around (___).
(___) Ghurun. (formal) Keep going (___).
(___) Jete thakun. (formal) Stop (___).
(___) Thamun. (formal) [edit ] Lodging Taka : Poysha
[edit ] Eating and drinking [edit ] Eating: eating
Khabar rice
bhaat curry
torkari egg
deem meat:
maangsho:beef: _____pork: _____mutton: _____ poultry:
_____:chicken: murgduck: hashgoose: _____quail: _____ fish:
mach: vegetables:
shobji:carrots: gajor potatoes: aloo onions: piyaj friuts:
fol:tomatoes: _____banana: kolaoranges: komla lebulemon: lebu [edit ] Drinking/Bars: drinking
pan tea
cha coffee
Kofee water
Pani (Bangladesh) Jol (More commonly used in Kolkata) alcohol
mod [edit ] Shopping Shopping
Bajar [edit ] Clothes clothe(s)
kapor kapor kass is washing cloths [edit ] Driving [edit ] Present, past , future Today = as-ke, yesterday = botho-kal(ke), tomorrow = kal-ke
[edit ] Authority [edit ] Learning more
