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From Wikitravel

Nan (น่าน) is a town in the remote valley of the Nan river in the Northern River Valleys region of Northern Thailand, bordering Laos. The area is heavily forested with arable land used mainly for agriculture. It is an ancient city steeped in history with its long association with the Lannathai culture and the Sukhothai kingdom.

[edit] Understand

Little-known Nan goes back to the depths of the history of Thailand. For centuries it was an separate, autonomous kingdom with few relationship with the outside world.

There are many evidence of prehistoric habitation, but it wasn't until several small meuang united to form Nanthaburi on the Nan river in the mid-14th century - contemporary with the creation of Luang Prabang and the Lan Xang (Million Elephants) kingdom in Laos - that the city became a power to be taken into account. Associated with the mighty Sukhothai kingdom, the meuang took the title Wara Nakhon and played a significant part in the development of early Thai nationalism.

By the end of the 14th_century Nan was one of the nine northern Thai-Lao principalities that comprised Lan Na Thai (now Lanna) and the city state flourished throughout the 15th century under the name Chiang Klang (Middle City), a reference to its position roughly midway between Chiang Mai (New City) and Chiang Thong (Golden City, which is today's Luang Prabang. The Burmese took control of the kingdom in 1558 and deported many of the inhabitants to Burma as slaves; the city was completely deserted until western Thailand was retaken from the Burmese in 1786. The local dynasty then regained local sovereignty and it remained semi-autonomous until 1931 when Nan finally accepted full Bangkok dominion. Parts of the old city wall and several early wat dating from the Lanna period can be seen in contemporary Nan. The city of Nan's wats are distinctive: some temple structures show Lanna influence, while others belong to the Tai Lü language, a legacy brought from Xishuangbanna in China, where the Tai Lü's came from.

[edit] Orientation

The city spreads out along around 4 km, between the airport at the North end of the town and the Bus station at the Southern one but its historical and commercial centre is more compact. Its area follows roughly a North-South direction, along the right bank of the river Nan. The two main axes of the town, more or less parallel, are the Th Sumonthewarat (the easternmost one and the closest to the river) and the Th Mahayot. The city’s main monuments are located at the junction of the three parallel axes, the Th Pha Kong (West), the Th Mahayot (middle) and the Th Sumonthewarat (East) and the Th Suriyapong which is perpendicular to them. As to the main shops, they can be found along the Th Sumonthewarat and its perpendicular, the Th Anantaworattidet.

In the town, three bridges connect the right bank to the left bank of the river Nan : the southernmost, the Sriboonruang bridge, the middle one, the Pattana Paknue bridge, under which are held the boat racing and the northernmost, the Nakorn Nan Pattana bridge, seriously damaged during the August 2006 floods but fixed since the beginning of July 2007.

• Tourist Information Centre, Pha Kong Rd (Opposite Wat Phumin). 8AM-5PM, daily.  edit

[edit] Get in

Nan is connected by plane and by bus to the rest of the country.

• SGA Airlines connects Nan to Chiang Mai daily. The airport is located at the northern end of the town, on the Pua road, about 1.5 km from downtown.

• By road, it takes from 10 to 13 hours, according to the type of bus, to travel from Nan to Bangkok. Regular buses also run from Nan to Chiang Mai (6-7 hours), Chiang Rai (6-7 hours), Phrae (2 hours) and Phitsanulok (5 hours @ 11:00 and 16:30). The main bus station (Baw Khaw Saw) is located at the southern edge of the town, at the end of a road perpendicular (turning left when arriving from Bangkok) to the Wiangsa/Phrae/Bangkok road.

[edit] Get around

The local means of transport include sawngthaews, motorbike-taxis and trishaws.

[edit][add listing] See

[edit] Nan National Museum

The Nan National Museum is in the original palace of the last two Feudal Lords of Nan. The building was originally constructed, in 1903 by Phra Chao Suriyapnong Phalidet, the last but one Lord of Nan to replace his former wooden residence. After the death of the Chao Maha Brahma Surathada, the last Lord of Nan, his heirs donated this palace to the government in 1931 in order to be used as the provincial hall. The museum (Th Pha Kong; admission 30B; 9AM-4PM Mon-Sat) was inaugurated in 1973 after the new provincial hall building had been erected. Thanks to relatively recent renovations, it is one of Thailand's most up-to-date provincial museums, contrary to many of them, it also has English labels for many items on display. The ground level is divided into six exhibition rooms with ethnological exhibits dealing with the various ethnic groups round in the province, including the northern Thais, Thai Lü, Htin, Khamu, Mabri, Hmong and Mien. Silver work, textiles, folk utensils and tribal costumes can be found on display . Exhibits on Nan history, archeology, local architecture, royal regalia, weapons, ceramics and religious art are shown on the second floor, divided into two sections. The first is the main hal whic used ro be the throne hall of the Feudal Lord. The second consists of the rooms in the north and south wings. The museum exhibits a wide collection of Buddha images which includes some rare Lanna styles as well as the floppy-eared local styles. Usually made from wood, these standing images are in the 'calling for rain' posture (with hands at the sides, pointing down) and they show an obvious Luang Prabang influence. Also on display on the 2nd floor is a rare black (in fact reddish-brown) elephant tusk said to have been offered to a Nan king over 300 years ago by the Khün lord of Chiang Tung (Kengtung). Held aloft by a wooden Garuda (mythical bird) sculpture, the tusk measures 97 cm long and 47 cm in circumference. Books on Thai art and archeology are sold in a building adjacent to the museum.

[edit] King of Nan’s Teak House

Built in 1866 with golden teak and reconstructed in 1941, this large house (Th Mahaprom, opposite the backwards entrance of the Wat Phra That Chang Kham) is now the residence of Chao Sompradhana Na Nan. It exhibits heritage antiques such as ancient weapons, war elephant ivory and photographs by King Rama V. Contact the owner for visiting (Tel. 0 5471 0605).

[edit] The Old Wall

Constructed in 1885 by Chao Anantavorarittidet, Nan’s ruler, the wall was built in place of an old log wall destroyed by flood in 1817. Remnants of the wall - around 400 m out of the original 3 600 m - can be seen at the junction of the Th Mahawong and the Th Rob Muang, at the South-West end of the town.

[edit] Wat Phumin

Nan's most famous wat is renowned for its cruciform bôt that was constructed in 1596 and restored during the reign of Chao Ananta Vora Ritthi Det (1867-74). It is the only built temple as if it were on the backs of two immense snakes (or Naga). Each of the four entries is preceded by a small corridor surmounted by a point shaped finely decorated (underlining the royal origin of the temple) structure and is equipped with smoothly carved doors, with Chinese demon guards in the East, flowers in the North and forest life motives of Lanna style in the West and the South. The wat’s interior is impressive. It is also a good example of Thai Lue architecture. The structure of the roof is supported by twelve teak pillars decorated with gold on black and red lacquer and elephants motives. The ceiling is also finely decorated. The flowered altar resting in the center of the bôt supports four Buddhas of Sukhothai style in the Bhûmisparsha-Mudrâ (“Buddha Invoking Mother-Earth, Bhumi to be His Witness ” or “victory over Mara” - the hand pointed down to the earth with the fingers touching the ground), facing the four directions. The shape of their ears and of their nose shows a Lao influence. Aside to the altar, sits a splendid thammdat (a dhamma seat used by teaching monks). Murals of great value and well preserved illustrating tales from the Jataka are on the northern and the Western walls as well as scenes of the local life of the time when they were painted (Europeans can even been noticed - a probable reference to the arrival of the French to which the East of the Nan valley area was yielded in 1893. ) Thai Lue were carried out during the restoration of the temple by artists at the end of the 19th century]]. The style is rather distinctive quite far from the traditional style and is close to the murals of the Wat Phra Singh of Chiangmai. The setting is however, here, that of the culture and the everyday life of Thai Lue. The two most famous scenes are of greater dimensions than the majority of the other paintings: a man whispering to the ear of a woman (on the Southern side of the Western door) and the portrait painted on the side of the Southern door, which could be the king Chao Ananta Vora Ritthi Det’s. Other natural size paintings on each side of the main entry are of Chinese influence which can be explained by the origins of Thai Lue.

[edit] Wat Phra That Chae Haeng

Two kilometers past the bridge that spans the Nan River, heading southeast out of town, this temple dating from 1355 , under the reign of Pray Kan Muang, is the most sacred wat in Nan Province. It's set in a square, walled enclosure on top of a hill with a view of Nan and the valley. The Thai Lue influenced bôt features a triple-tiered roof with carved wooden eaves and dragon reliefs over the doors. A gilded Lanna-style stupa sits on a large square base next to the bôt with sides 22.5m long; the entire stupa is 55.5m high.

[edit] Wat Phra That Chang Kham

After Wat Phra That Chae Haeng, this wat is the second-most important temple (Th Pha Kong) in the city. The main vihara, reconstructed in 1458, has a huge seated Buddha image and faint murals. Also in the vihara is a set of Lanna-period scrolls inscribed (in Lanna script) not only with the usual Buddhist scriptures but also with the history, law and astrology of the time. A thammdat (a dhamma seat used by monks when teaching) sits to one side. The magnificent stupa behind the vihara dates from the 14th century, probably around the same time the temple was founded, It features 24 elephant supports similar to those seen in Sukhothai and Si Satchanalai. Next to the stupa is a small, insignificant bôt from the same era. Wat Phra That Chang Kham is also eminent by having the largest hàw trai (Tripitaka library) in Thailand, but it is now empty.

[edit] Wat Hua Khuang

This small wat diagonally opposite Wat Phra That Chang Kham comprises a distinctive Lanna / Lan Xang-style stupa with four Buddha niches, a wooden hàw trai - now used as a kùti (monk cell) - and a noteworthy bòt with a Luang Prabang-style carved wooden veranda. A carved wooden ceiling and a huge naga altar can be found inside. Stylistic cues suggest this may be one of the city's oldest wats though the temple's founding date is unknown

[edit] Wat Suan Tan

Supposedly established in 1456, the Wat Suan Tan (Palm Grove Monastery; Th Suan Tan) comprises an interesting stupa of the 15th century (40 m high) which combines Hindu/Khmer style motives (stupa in form of prang) and, surmounting it, an obviously Sukhothai style motive in the shape of a lotus bud, modified in its current form in 1914. The heavily restored vihara contains the Phra Chao Thong Thipun, out of of early Sukhothai style bronze sitting Buddha in Bhûmisparsha-Mudrâ. It measures 4,10 meters and could have been ordered by the Chiangmai sovereign Tilokaraj following its conquest of Nan in 1449.

[edit] Wat Min Muang

This temple is located close to the Wat Phumin on the same side of the Th Suriyaphong, further west. Its ubosoth's exterior is embellished with elegant bas-relief stucco while its interior is adorned with mural paintings depicting Nan people's way of life, painted by present-day local artists. The Holy City Pillar is enshrined in the four-sided Thai styled pavilion in front of the ubosoth. This pillar is 3 meters high, stands on a carved gilded wooden base and is topped with a four-faced Brahma, representing the four virtues on Buddhism. It is an ancient Thai totem that is still very significant. The city pillars were probably erected as a ritual centre for agrarian fertility rites in ancient Thai towns and kingdoms, in the heart of the old cities and just next to the seat of power of a king or a chief.

[edit] Wat Phaya Phu

Located in the Th. Phaya Phu, west from the Main Police Station, this wat was built during the reign of Pra Chao Phukheng and is about six centuries old. There is a big chedi behind the vihara whare are enshrined two ancient Buddha images. The vihara's door are carved with image of mythical giant guards.

[edit] Wat Phra That Khao Noi

This wat is on the top of Khao Noi hill, two kilometers west of the town. The hill is 800 feet high. The recent temple buildings are nothing special but from the top of the hill, easily accessed by a road, one can see, side by side with a giant Buddha statue, the entire Nan town

[edit][add listing] Do

Boat racing

For centuries, long-boat racing have been held annually in provinces with a major waterway running through. Long-boat racing is one of the traditional rites which commemorates the end of the Buddhist Rains Retreat. It takes place mainly in the 10th and/or 11th lunar months (around September/October) when the water level is at its peak. At present, long-boat racing is considered as a national sport. Its history can be traced back to Ayutthaya period, some 600 years ago. In that time, boat racing however was only a way to keep boat means fit for national defense.

Racing boats are usually made from dugout tree trunks and can accommodate up to 60 oarsmen (commonly dressed in the same colour) in a double row. The festival event attracts several hundreds of spectators. Trophies and prizes are given to the winning teams at the end The races on the Nan river are colourful and unequaled because the racing boats are brightly adorned with imaginatively designed prows. The cheering squads on the river bank are usually rumbustious and joyful..

Wai Phrathat Festival (งานประเพณีไหว้พระธาตุ) Nan is a town in the Lanna kingdom where Buddhism spread for a long period of time. Within the area of the ancient city, both in Mueang Nan and in Amphoe Pua, lie Phrathats on the hill. Every year, festivals paying respect to the important Phrathats are organized as follows:

• Namatsakan Phrathat Beng Sakat Fair (งานนมัสการพระธาตุเบ็งสกัด) is organized on the full night of the 4th northern lunar month (around January).
• Hok Peng Waisa Mahathat Chae Haen Fair (งานประเพณีหกเป็งไหว้สามหาธาตุแช่แห้) takes place on the full moon night of the 6th northern lunar month or the 4th central lunar month (around the end of February-March). Sky rockets are fired as an offering to the Buddha.
• Namatsakan Phrathat Khao Noi” Fair (งานประเพณีนมัสการพระธาตุเขาน้อย) takes place on the full moon night of the 8th northern lunar month or the 6th central lunar month (around May). In the festival, there is a ceremony paying respect to Phrathat Khao Noi and sky rockets are fired as an offering to the Buddha.
• Namatsakan Song Nam Phrachao Thongthip Fair (งานประเพณีนมัสการสรงน้ำพระเจ้าทองทิพย์) at Wat Suan Tan during the Songkran festival on 12-15 April.
• Tan Kuai Salak, Hae Khua Tan or Khrua Than Festival (งานตานก๋วยสลาก หรืองานแห่คัวตาน หรือ ครัวทาน) Than Salak or Kuai Salak is an ancient tradition created in the Buddha’s time. For the northern people, it is considered as a major local merit making ceremony possessing local uniqueness. Monks are invited to receive the offerings by drawing lots.

[edit][add listing] Buy

Banks with ATMs can be found all over town, notably at Sumonthewarat Rd, Anantaworrattidet Rd and Sumon Thevarat Rd.

[edit] Handicraft

Good buys include local textiles, especially the Thai Lu weaving styles. Typical Thai Lu fabrics feature red and black designs on white cotton in floral, geometric and animal designs and also indigo and red on white. The lai naam lai (flowing-water design) shows stepped patterns representing streams, rivers and waterfalls. Other excellent quality textiles are the local Hmong appliqué and the Mien embroidery.

Thin grass-and-bamboo baskets and mats and hmong silverware are also available.

• Hill Tribe House, 436 Sumonthewarat Rd.  edit

• ☎ 6601 472434 (hilltribehouse@yahoo.com, fax: 66054 750691), [1].

• Pongparn, 10/4 Suriyapong, ☎ 66547 5733 or 01595 5777 (pongparn@pongparn.com).  edit

• Lan Nan Som Noek, 347/7 Sumonthewarat Rd (No English sign).  edit

• Jaangtrakoon, Sumonthewarat Rd. Mainly clothes for sale here.  edit

[edit] Department stores

• Nara Department Store (Old Nara), 400/1 Sumonthewarat Rd.  edit

• Nara Hyper Mark (New Nara), Sumonthewarat Rd (Opposite to Soi Aranyawat 2). The biggest department store inside the town with a parking lot. A big sign points it out.  edit

• Tesco Lotus, Wiangsa/Phrae Rd. The biggest department store, but about 2 kilometers from the town itself.  edit

[edit] Other

• Easyintersoft, 345/8 Sumonthewarat Rd. Software and hardware store.  edit

• Kodak, 347/4 Sumonthewarat Rd. Processing, passport photos, batteries...  edit

[edit][add listing] Eat

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[edit] Budget

• The Ratchaphatsadu market, between the Th Sumonthewarat and the Th Khao Luang close to the Dhevaraj Hotel. _ For take-away dishes (chicken or fish BBQ, Thai curries…) and fresh fruits.
• Yota Vegetarian Restaurant Th Mahawong 10-30B 7AM-3PM Thai food
• Fresh Noodles stall_ 90/3 Th Anantaworarittidet (between the 7/11 and the Ayudhya bank) 20-25B _ 5h30PM-10PM _ Thai food

• Night Market _ Th Pha Kong just after the crossroads with Th Anantaworarittidet (towards the Wat Suan Tan) _ 20-50B _ 5h30PM-2AM _ Thai food_ Many stalls, among which the first one on the right-hand, heading towards the Wat Suan Tan, good value and still on the right-hand but further on, closer to the Wat, Luang’s stall, a charming man who speaks French, as the sign : "Ici on parle français" shows it.
• Restaurant (no roman sign) Th Mahayot (heading north from the Wat Suan Tan , before the Elephant Crossroads, on the right side of the road, after the Mitsubishi dealer _ 30-60B _ 11AM-2PM _ Thai food ( very good kai yang, roasted chicken and som tam, papaya salad)
• Tanaya Kitchen 75/23-24 Th Anantaworarittidet 30-60B 10AM-3h30PM 5-8PM Thai , Chinese, Vegeterian food _ English menu.
• Jan Paa Lap pet 57 Th Sumonthewarat (opposite Ampron GH, before Wat Pranete) 40-70B 11AM-8PM Thai food (Isaan)

[edit] Mid range

• Suan Isan Th Sumonthewarat turn left at the lane next to Rung Thip Sawoei 30-90B llam-llpm Thai food
• Pizza Wiangsa-Phrae Road, 2km from the city, opposite side of Tesco Lotus 40-120B _ Western and Thai food _ English menu
• Poom 3 (ex Da Dario Th Anantaworarittidet (near Hotel Sukasem) 50-150B Western Thai and Chinese food _ English menu
• DoReMi (« Hot Pot Suki Shabu » sign in English on the Sumonthewart road) Th Sumonthewarat, inside the « New Nara » parking lot, on the right hand Korean BBQ _ 5PM-10PM _ All-you-can-eat Dinner Buffet 69B _ Musical show from 7.30PM on.
• KFC Wiangsa/Phrae Road Tesco Lotus "Mall"_ M-F 11:00AM-10:00PM / S 10:00AM - 9:00PM _ 40-100B _ English menu
• Boat Restaurant 21/1 Th Suan Tan _ 11AM-10PM _ Main dishes 40-120B / Ice-creams 30-130B Western and Thai food and Ice-creams English menu.
• Dhevee Coffee Shop inside the Dhevaraj Hotel, 466 Th Sumonthewarat _ 6AM-2AM Bfast Buffet : 100B Lunch Buffet : 59B _ Western and Thai food _ English menu.

[edit][add listing] Drink

• Drugstore, 347/6 Sumonthewarat Rd. The best wine cellar of Nan, many vintage Template:– end of the 80s, beginning of the 90s — French wines for moderate prices  edit

[edit][add listing] Sleep

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[edit] Budget

• Amazing Guest House, 23/7 Rat Amnuay Rd, ☎ 0 5471 0893. 100-120 baht for shared bathrooms, 200-250 baht for bungalow.  edit

• Ampron Guest House, 42/4 Sumonthewarat Rd, ☎ 0 5477 2291. 180 baht for fan, 280 baht for air-con.  edit

• Nan Guest House, 57/16 Mahaphrom Rd, ☎ 0 5477 1849. 180-230 baht (depends on shared or private bathroom). Internet 35 baht/hour.  edit

• P.K. Guest House, 33/12 Premprajarat Rd, ☎ 0 5477 1999. fan 150-250 baht, air-con 350 baht. Bicycle 30 baht/day, motorcycle 180 baht/day.  edit

• Sabai Dee Guest House, Chao Fa Rd, Soi Aryawung 2 (Close to the bus station), ☎ 0 83868 1982. 100-150 baht (depends on shared or private bathroom).  edit

[edit] Mid range

• Nan Fah Hotel Tel 0 5471 0284 438-440 Th Sumonthewarat 350(double)/600(quadr.)/700(sex.) _ Cable TV _ Bike/motob. rental 50/200
• Grand Mansion Hotel Tel 0 5475 0510 5471 1505 Th Mahayot (heading north, just after the Wat Suan tan) 500(VIP) 350(Standard) _ TV UBC
• Sukasem Hotel 05471 0141 Th Anantaworanttidet 210/300B(fan) 320/400(aircon) _ TV UBC; (March 2009 update: seriously substandard, especially sanitation, hygienne; not recommended).
• Fahthanin Hotel Tel 0 5475 7321-4 303/5 Th Anantaworarittidet 450/600B

[edit] Splurge

• Dhevaraj Hotel Tel 0 5471 0094 Fax 0 5477 1365 inq@dhevarajhotel.com [2]] 466 Th Sumonthewarat _ Standard : 400-800B / Deluxe :1 200B _ Bike/day 70 (1 speed) 120 (6 speeds) Internet ½h : 40B / 1h : 80B _ Swimming Pool [Guests : free / Outsiders:40B (children) & 60B (adults)]
• City Park Hotel Tel (054) 741-343-52,Fax (054) 773135 E-mail: booking@thecityparkhotel.com City Park Hotel [3] _ 99 Yantrakitkosol Rd. [Wiangsa-Phrae road],Tambon Dootai, Amphur Muang, Nan 55000 _ 1000/3000B _ Swimming Pool [Guests: free / Outsiders: 50B]

[edit] Contact

• Post Office, Mahawong Rd. M-F 8:30AM-4:30PM, Sa 9AM-midnight.  edit

• Internet cafés. Many in town for around 20 baht/hour.  edit

[edit] Get out

• Chiang Rai

This is a usable article. It has information for getting in as well as some complete entries for restaurants and hotels. An adventurous person could use this article, but please plunge forward and help it grow!